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Modelling cetacean distribution and mapping overlap with fisheries in the northeast Atlantic

机译：模拟鲸类分布和制图与东北大西洋的渔业重叠

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Improving our knowledge of cetacean distribution and habitat use are key if we are to effectively ensure good conservation status for these species. Often however, sufficient data are lacking, inhibiting conservation efforts of many species. This study aims to combine historical datasets to generate habitat suitability models and thus maps, for eight species of cetacean regularly sighted in the Irish portion of the northeast Atlantic; fin whale, minke whale, pilot whale, sperm whale, white-sided dolphin, bottlenose dolphin, Risso's dolphin and white-beaked dolphin. Habitat suitability models were developed using MaxEnt modelling software for a range of environmental factors; sea-surface temperature, mixed layer depth, depth, slope, chlorophyll a concentration, sea surface salinity, distance to the 200 m contour. We predicted species exposure to fishing gears by integrating habitat suitability models with information on fishing vessel activities within the study area. The main predictors of habitat suitability for all species were topographic variables, particularly depth and slope, highlighted by two areas of high species richness around areas of topographic heterogeneity, along the continental shelf and on the west coast. Combining habitat models with fishing activity, indicated areas of high exposure off the north and south coasts and in an area known as the Porcupine Bank off the west coast. These results are valuable for conservation and management of cetaceans and fisheries in the study area. Methods can be easily adjusted to allow replication for other species and other anthropogenic activities. We recommend future effort focuses on winter months to fill in the gaps on year round cetacean distribution. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：如果我们要有效地确保这些物种的良好保护状态，那么提高我们对鲸类分布和栖息地使用的知识就至关重要。但是，通常缺乏足够的数据，从而阻碍了许多物种的保护工作。这项研究的目的是结合历史数据集以生成栖息地适应性模型，从而绘制出东北大西洋爱尔兰部分经常见到的八种鲸类动物的地图。鲸，小须鲸，引航鲸，抹香鲸，白面海豚，宽吻海豚，里索海豚和白喙海豚。使用MaxEnt建模软件针对多种环境因素开发了人居适宜性模型；海面温度，混合层深度，深度，坡度，叶绿素a浓度，海面盐度，到200 m等高线的距离。我们通过将栖息地适应性模型与研究区域内渔船活动的信息相结合，来预测物种对渔具的暴露程度。所有物种的栖息地适宜性的主要预测因子是地形变量，尤其是深度和坡度，其特征是沿着大陆架和西海岸的地形异质性区域周围的两个物种丰富度高的区域。将栖息地模型与捕捞活动相结合，可以发现北海岸和南海岸以及西海岸附近的豪猪银行等高暴露区域。这些结果对于研究区域的鲸类和渔业的保护和管理是有价值的。可以轻松调整方法，以允许复制其他物种和其他人为活动。我们建议未来的工作重点放在冬季，以填补全年鲸类分布的空白。 （C）2016 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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