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Simple, policy friendly, ecological interaction models from uncertain data and expert opinion

机译:来自不确定数据和专家意见的简单,政策友好,生态互动模型

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In the marine environment, humans exploit natural ecosystems for food and economic benefit. Challenging policy goals have been set to protect resources, species, communities and habitats, yet ecologists often have sparse data on interactions occurring in the system to assess policy outcomes. This paper presents a technique, loosely based on Bayesian Belief Networks, to create simple models which I) predict whether individual species within a community will decline or increase in population size, 2) encapsulate uncertainty in the predictions in an intuitive manner and 3) require limited knowledge of the ecosystem and functional parameters required to model it. We develop our model for a UK rocky shore community, to utilise existing knowledge of species interactions for model validation purposes. However, we also test the role of expert opinion, without full scientific knowledge of species interactions, by asking non-UK based marine scientists to derive parameters for the model (non-UK scientists are not familiar with the exact communities being described and will need to extrapolate from existing knowledge in a similar manner to model a poorly studied system). We find these differ little from the parameters derived by ourselves and make little difference to the final model predictions. We also test our model against simple experimental manipulations, and find that the most important changes in community structure as a result of manipulations correspond well to the model predictions with both our, and non-UK expert parameterisation. The simplicity of the model, nature of the outputs, and the user-friendly interface makes it potentially suitable for policy, conservation and management work on multispecies interactions in a wide range of marine ecosystems. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译:在海洋环境中,人类为了食物和经济利益而开发自然生态系统。已经设定了具有挑战性的政策目标来保护资源,物种,社区和栖息地,但是生态学家通常缺乏有关系统中发生的相互作用的数据,以评估政策成果。本文提出了一种基于贝叶斯信念网络的技术,可以创建简单的模型,该模型可以:I)预测社区中单个物种的种群数量会减少还是增加; 2)以直观的方式封装预测中的不确定性; 3)需要对生态系统及其建模所需的功能参数的了解有限。我们为英国多岩石的海岸社区开发模型,以利用物种相互作用的现有知识进行模型验证。但是,我们也通过要求非英国的海洋科学家推导该模型的参数来测试专家意见的作用,而没有对物种相互作用的全面科学知识(非英国科学家不熟悉所描述的确切群落,因此需要以类似的方式从现有知识中推论出来,以对一个学习不足的系统进行建模)。我们发现这些与我们自己得出的参数几乎没有什么不同,并且与最终模型的预测几乎没有区别。我们还通过简单的实验操作测试了我们的模型,发现由于操作而导致的社区结构中最重要的变化与我们以及非英国专家参数设置的模型预测非常吻合。该模型的简单性,输出的性质以及用户友好的界面使其有可能适用于各种海洋生态系统中多物种相互作用的政策,保护和管理工作。 (C)2015 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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