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Fish assemblages on a mitigation boulder reef and neighboring hardbottom

机译：减轻巨石礁和附近硬底鱼类的鱼类组合

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摘要

We compared the fish assemblages on a mitigation site to neighboring natural habitat. Artificial reefs made of limestone boulders were deployed offshore Florida in August-September 2003 as mitigation for an anticipated nearshore hardbottom burial associated with a planned beach nourishment. Boulders comprising a footprint of 36,017 m~2 were deployed on sand substrate, adjacent to hardbottom, to replace an expected covering of 30,756 m~2 hardbottom. Nourishment of the beach was initiated May 2005 and completed in February 2006. Fishes on the artificial mitigation reefs and neighboring natural hardbottom were counted annually in August, 2004 through 2008, with 30-m belt transects and rover-diver surveys. Across all surveys a total of 18,313 fish of 185 species was counted. Mean species richness and abundance were typically greater on the transects at mitigation reefs than on nearshore hardbottom (NHB). MDS plots of Bray-Curtis similarity indices show a clear distinction between the mitigation reefs and NHB fish assemblages regardless if the data were, or were not, standardized to account for rugosity differences. SIMPER analysis indicated the two assemblages had, on average, 75% dissimilarity. Thus, while the mitigation boulders exhibited greater abundance and species richness than the NHB, the two assemblages differed dramatically in structure. The mitigation reefs provided a habitat suitable for fish colonization. However, this habitat differed dramatically in size and appearance from impacted NHB and created a unique environment unlike the NHB. Thus, mitigation reefs in general, and boulder reefs specifically, should not be relied upon to provide an equitable replacement to NHB habitat loss.
机译：我们将缓解地点的鱼群与附近的自然栖息地进行了比较。由石灰石巨石制成的人工鱼礁于2003年8月至9月在佛罗里达州近海部署，以缓解与计划的海滩养料有关的预计近岸硬底埋葬。将一块占地36,017 m〜2的巨石部署在靠近硬底的砂岩基底上，以取代预期覆盖的30,756 m〜2硬底。海滩的营养工作于2005年5月开始，并于2006年2月完成。在2004年8月至2008年期间，每年对人工缓解礁和附近自然硬底的鱼类进行计数，并进行30米长的样带和流浪者潜水员调查。在所有调查中，共计计数了185种鱼类的18,313条鱼。在缓和礁上，样带的平均物种丰富度和丰度通常比近岸硬底（NHB）更高。 Bray-Curtis相似性指数的MDS图显示了缓解珊瑚礁和NHB鱼群之间的明显区别，无论数据是否经过标准化以解决皱纹差异。 SIMPER分析表明，这两个组合平均相差75％。因此，尽管减灾巨石比NHB展现出更大的丰度和物种丰富度，但两种组合的结构却截然不同。缓解礁提供了适合鱼类定居的栖息地。但是，该生境的大小和外观与受到影响的NHB截然不同，并创造了与NHB不同的独特环境。因此，不应依赖总体上的缓和礁石，特别是巨石礁来提供NHB生境丧失的公平替代。

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  • 来源
    《Ocean & coastal management》 |2013年第4期|53-62|共10页
  • 作者

    A. Kirk Kilfoyle; Jessica Freeman; Lance K.B. Jordan; T. Patrick Quinn; Richard E. Spieler;

  • 作者单位

    Oceanographic Center, Nova Southeastern University, 8000 North Ocean Drive, Dania Beach, FL 33004, USA,National Coral Reef Institute, Nova Southeastern University, 8000 North Ocean Drive, Dania Beach, FL 33004, USA;

    Oceanographic Center, Nova Southeastern University, 8000 North Ocean Drive, Dania Beach, FL 33004, USA;

    Oceanographic Center, Nova Southeastern University, 8000 North Ocean Drive, Dania Beach, FL 33004, USA,National Coral Reef Institute, Nova Southeastern University, 8000 North Ocean Drive, Dania Beach, FL 33004, USA;

    Oceanographic Center, Nova Southeastern University, 8000 North Ocean Drive, Dania Beach, FL 33004, USA,National Coral Reef Institute, Nova Southeastern University, 8000 North Ocean Drive, Dania Beach, FL 33004, USA;

    Oceanographic Center, Nova Southeastern University, 8000 North Ocean Drive, Dania Beach, FL 33004, USA,National Coral Reef Institute, Nova Southeastern University, 8000 North Ocean Drive, Dania Beach, FL 33004, USA,Guy Harvey Research Center, Nova Southeastern University, 8000 North Ocean Drive, Dania Beach, FL 33004, USA;

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