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Turbidity maxima in four macrotidal estuaries

机译：四个巨潮河口的浊度最大值

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摘要

Hydrodynamic and fine sediment transport characteristics of four major macrotidal Northern European estuaries are compared. The four estuaries (Weser, Seine, Scheldt, Humber) are amongst those key to navigation and shipping in that they are home to several major European ports (e.g. Hull, Antwerp, Le Havre). In particular, the characteristics and behaviour of the estuarine turbidity maximum are described for each system. While this is a complex topic that continues to benefit from ongoing research, some similarities exist between the estuaries in terms of the response of the turbidity maximum to changes in tidal range (during the neap-spring-neap cycle) and fresh water flow (due to seasonal variations in rainfall in the catchments). The hydrodynamics of the four estuaries are very similar, and are characterised by faster, shorter flood tide currents compared with longer, slower ebb tides. Under low fresh water flow conditions, the turbidity maximum is in each case moved upstream, while high fresh water flow conditions cause a net seaward movement of the turbidity maximum. While in general the concentrations of suspended sediment within turbidity maxima are no more than a few hundred milligrams per litre, the particular topography of the Humber estuary system leads to concentrations considerably higher than this.
机译：比较了北欧四个主要潮汐河口的水动力和精细泥沙输运特性。四个河口（韦瑟河，塞纳河，谢尔德河，亨伯河）是航行和航运的关键​​，因为它们是欧洲几个主要港口的所在地（例如，赫尔，安特卫普，勒阿弗尔）。特别是，针对每个系统描述了河口浊度最大值的特性和行为。尽管这是一个复杂的话题，并将继续从正在进行的研究中受益，但在最大浊度对潮差变化（在潮泉-潮泉循环期间）和淡水流量（由于潮汐变化）的响应方面，河口之间存在一些相似之处。流域降雨的季节性变化）。四个河口的水动力非常相似，其特点是潮汐流更快，更短，而潮汐流则更长，更慢。在淡水流量低的情况下，最大浊度分别向上游移动，而高淡水流量的情况下使最大浊度发生净向海运动。通常，最大浊度内的悬浮沉积物浓度不超过每升几百毫克，但亨伯河口系统的特殊地形导致浓度大大高于此浓度。

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  • 来源
    《Ocean & coastal management》 |2013年第7期|62-69|共8页
  • 作者

    S.B. Mitchell;

  • 作者单位

    School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, University of Portsmouth, Portland Building, Portsmouth PO1 3AH, UK;

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