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The status of the coral reefs and the management approaches: The case of the Maldives

机译：珊瑚礁的现状和管理方法：以马尔代夫为例

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摘要

The islands of the Maldives are very low lying with an average of about a metre above mean high tide. Consequently, climate change and associated sea-level rise, is a very real threat faced by the people of Maldives and it may well be one of the most vulnerable in the whole world. For the Maldives, where the whole population practically lives on reefs, it would not be erred in stating that their livelihoods are totally dependent on the reefs and the services obtained from them. In addition to their directly obvious economic significance, the coral reefs are also responsible for the protection of the coasts from the open sea and storms and even from obliviation of these low lying islands. While effects such as coral bleaching are consequences of natural events, anthropogenic causes such as coral mining, siltation and pollution have contributed to loss of the Maldives' reefs. The institutions in place to manage, sustain and conserve the reef environment have implemented mitigation measures towards ensuring a healthy and sustainable reef environment. With a few Acts of Parliament, most legal authority is derived from regulations pursuant to these Acts. Though stakeholder involvement is limited, the industrial sector has taken initiatives to promote reef growth. Existing measures are producing desired outcomes. However lessons need to be learnt from other similar countries and more need to be done especially in way of provisions for safe garbage disposal, mitigation of marine oil pollution and improving human resources for better management and strengthen resilience.
机译：马尔代夫的岛屿非常低，平均水平比平均涨潮高约一米。因此，气候变化和相关的海平面上升，是马尔代夫人民面临的非常现实的威胁，很可能是全世界最脆弱的国家之一。对于整个人口实际上生活在珊瑚礁上的马尔代夫，可以肯定地说，他们的生计完全取决于珊瑚礁和从珊瑚礁获得的服务，这是不误的。除了具有直接明显的经济意义外，珊瑚礁还负责保护沿海地区免受公海和暴风雨的侵害，甚至还可以保护这些低洼岛屿免遭灭顶之灾。尽管诸如珊瑚褪色之类的后果是自然事件的后果，但诸如珊瑚开采，淤积和污染等人为原因却造成了马尔代夫珊瑚礁的丧失。负责管理，维持和养护珊瑚礁环境的机构已采取缓解措施，以确保健康和可持续的珊瑚礁环境。在几部国会法令的约束下，大多数法律权力来自于这些法令的法规。尽管利益相关者的参与有限，但工业部门已采取措施促进珊瑚礁的增长。现有措施正在产生预期的结果。但是，需要从其他类似国家那里吸取经验教训，尤其是在安全处置垃圾，减轻海洋石油污染以及改善人力资源以进行更好的管理和增强抵御力方面，还需要做更多的工作。

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  • 来源
    《Ocean & coastal management》 |2013年第9期|104-118|共15页
  • 作者

    Azmath Jaleel;

  • 作者单位

    Marine and Coastal Environment (MACE) group, Department of Earth Sciences, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK;

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