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Science, biodiversity and Australian management of marine ecosystems

机译:科学,生物多样性和澳大利亚海洋生态系统管理

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摘要

The United Nations Convention on Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) (United Nations 1982) came into effect in 1994. Signatory nations have substantial management obligations for conservation of marine natural resource and ecosystems. In this paper we discuss the challenges of defining and monitoring biodiversity at scales required for management of marine ecosystems. Australia's area of immediate responsibility under UNCLOS covers an area of 11 million sq km with further linked responsibilities for an estimated area of 5.1 million sq km of continental shelf. This presents substantial data challenges for development and implementation of management. Acoustic seabed mapping is providing substantial information on seabed surface geology and topography and provides a surrogate basis for describing benthic habitat and seabed communities that have critical roles in marine food chains. The development of the Integrated Marine and Coastal Regionalisation of Australia (IMCRA 4.0, 2006) has provided a basis for planning marine biodiversity and resource management but the biological habitat interpretation of geological data is based very largely on demersal fish data. It is recognised in IMCRA 4.0 (2006) that revision and refinement of regionalisation requires further work in the areas of data coverage, ecosystem understanding and ecosystem surrogates and conceptual classification models. In this paper we discuss Australian experience highlighting problems and issues of relevance for scientifically based management of marine natural resource and ecosystems elsewhere in the world.
机译:《联合国海洋法公约》(UNCLOS)(联合国1982年)于1994年生效。签署国对养护海洋自然资源和生态系统负有实质性管理义务。在本文中,我们讨论了在管理海洋生态系统所需的规模上定义和监测生物多样性的挑战。根据《海洋法公约》,澳大利亚的直接责任区面积为1,100万平方公里,另外还有相关责任,估计大陆架面积为510万平方公里。这给开发和实施管理提出了巨大的数据挑战。声学海床制图提供了有关海床表面地质和地形的大量信息,并为描述在海洋食物链中起关键作用的底栖生境和海床群落提供了替代基础。澳大利亚海洋和沿海地区一体化区域的发展(IMCRA 4.0,2006)为规划海洋生物多样性和资源管理提供了基础,但是地质数据的生物栖息地解释很大程度上是基于鱼类的数据。 IMCRA 4.0(2006)认识到,对区域化的修订和完善需要在数据覆盖范围,生态系统理解和生态系统替代以及概念分类模型等领域进一步开展工作。在本文中,我们讨论了澳大利亚的经验,这些经验突出了世界上其他地方与以科学为基础的海洋自然资源和生态系统管理相关的问题。

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  • 来源
    《Ocean & coastal management》 |2012年第12期|194-199|共6页
  • 作者单位

    Australian National Centre for Ocean Resources and Security, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia;

    The Australian Museum, 6 College Street, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia;

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