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首页> 外文期刊>Ocean & coastal management >Development Trajectories And Impacts On Coral Reef Use In Lingayen Gulf, Philippines
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Development Trajectories And Impacts On Coral Reef Use In Lingayen Gulf, Philippines

机译：菲律宾Lingayen海湾的发展轨迹及其对珊瑚礁利用的影响

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Management interventions to reduce pressures on coral reefs often include attracting fishers to non-extractive non-fishery supplemental livelihoods. We look at the case of coral reefs in Lingayen Gulf, Philippines to understand the impacts of local (i.e., aquaculture and tourism), regional, and national development on the artisanal fisheries sector. Using household surveys and a coral reef interaction index (CRII), we obtained relative levels of dependency and impacts of fisheries, aquaculture, and tourism on coral reefs for livelihood. Results show that overall dependency on coral reefs remains high despite its decreasing quality. Socio-economic profiles reveal steep hurdles in shifting fishers to aquaculture. Both aquaculture and fisheries will continue to grow and eventually compete for space if left unmanaged further resulting in reduced reef quality. Shifts of fishers to tourism-based and other low-capital requirement mariculture (e.g., sea ranching) are more realistic than the expectation of absorbing fishers into current aquaculture businesses. Strengthening local coastal governance capacity to improve proactive responses for micro-macro development interactive synergy will also help reduce the impacts of development on reefs. Improving safety nets for coastal communities through skills enhancement and supplemental livelihood options that facilitate stewardship and reef recovery is an imperative. Transforming the lessons learned at village level actions to sustain municipal scale programs and institutional cooperation among stakeholders such as through marine protected area networks remain a challenge. Sharing forums and joint financing of coastal resource management remain to be realized through public and private partnerships and expansion of development for investments in social enterprises.
机译：减轻珊瑚礁压力的管理干预措施通常包括吸引渔民从事非吸引性的非渔业补充生计。我们以菲律宾Lingayen海湾的珊瑚礁为例，以了解当地（即水产养殖和旅游业），区域和国家发展对手工渔业的影响。通过家庭调查和珊瑚礁相互作用指数（CRII），我们获得了相对水平的依赖以及渔业，水产养殖和旅游业对珊瑚礁谋生的影响。结果表明，尽管珊瑚礁的质量下降，但对珊瑚礁的总体依赖性仍然很高。社会经济概况表明，在将渔民转向水产养殖方面存在着巨大的障碍。如果不加以进一步管理，导致礁石质量下降，水产养殖和渔业将继续发展，并最终争夺空间。渔民向以旅游为基础的渔业和其他低资本要求的海水养殖（例如海上养殖）的转变要比将渔民吸收到当前水产养殖业中的预期更为现实。加强地方沿海治理能力，以改善对微宏观发展互动协同的积极反应，也将有助于减少发展对珊瑚礁的影响。当务之急是通过提高技能和补充生计选择以促进管理和礁石恢复，改善沿海社区的安全网。转变村庄一级的经验教训以维持市政规模的方案和利益相关者之间的机构合作，例如通过海洋保护区网络，仍然是一个挑战。通过公共和私人伙伴关系以及扩大对社会企业投资的发展，交流论坛和沿海资源管理的共同筹资仍有待实现。

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