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The role of law and legal institutions in determining the sustainability of integrated coastal management projects in Indonesia

机译：法律和法律机构在确定印度尼西亚综合沿海管理项目的可持续性方面的作用

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One of several papers exploring factors relating to sustainability of integrated coastal management (ICM) in Indonesia, this paper specifically looks at the role of law in promoting ICM sustainability. The paper first paints the general legal landscape governing coastal resources in Indonesia. Specifically, it discusses legal issues specifically relating to management of coastal resources, highlighting the conflicts that arise among the vast body of sectoral laws, and analyzing why those conflicts are so prevalent and so difficult to resolve. It then discusses the recent laws relating to decentralization, and highlights some of the dichotomies created in the effort to delegate management authorities to regional governments within a unitary form of government. The example presented by the establishment of Bunaken National Marine Park in North Sulawesi, and the subsequent donor projects designed to assist in Park planning and management, underscore these legal conflicts and the difficulties in resolving them. Specifically, in creating Bunaken National Park, the central government superimposed an entirely new legal framework on pre-existing regional management, with little socialization or transition. These dichotomous frameworks limited the success of the US AID-sponsored Natural Resources Management (NRM) I Program. With the advent of regional autonomy, and a project design that better accommodated the existing legal realities, the follow-on NRM II was more successful. The paper concludes that, although ICM sustainability is hampered by limitations within the legal framework, project sustainability can still be achieved by recognizing, addressing, and accommodating the legal frameworks in which they will operate.
机译：探索印度尼西亚综合沿海管理（ICM）可持续性相关因素的几篇论文之一，本文专门研究法律在促进ICM可持续性中的作用。本文首先描述了印度尼西亚沿海资源的一般法律概况。具体而言，本章讨论了与沿海资源管理特别相关的法律问题，重点介绍了在众多部门法律之间出现的冲突，并分析了为什么这些冲突如此普遍且难以解决。然后，它讨论了有关权力下放的最新法律，并着重说明了在统一政府形式下将管理权下放给地区政府的努力所产生的两分法。北苏拉威西省布纳肯国家海洋公园的建立以及随后旨在协助公园规划和管理的捐助项目提供的例子突出了这些法律冲突和解决这些难题的困难。具体而言，在创建布纳肯国家公园时，中央政府在不存在社会化或过渡的情况下，将一个全新的法律框架叠加到了原有的区域管理上。这些二分法的框架限制了美国国际开发署资助的自然资源管理（NRM）I计划的成功。随着区域自治的到来，以及更好地适应现有法律现实的项目设计，后续的NRM II取得了更大的成功。本文的结论是，尽管ICM的可持续性受到法律框架内限制的限制，但项目的可持续性仍然可以通过认可，解决和适应其运作的法律框架来实现。

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