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首页> 外文期刊>Ocean & coastal management >The use of wetlands in the Mississippi Delta for wastewater assimilation: a review
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The use of wetlands in the Mississippi Delta for wastewater assimilation: a review

机译：密西西比河三角洲湿地用于废水吸收的研究

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摘要

The use of wetlands for treatment of wastewaters has a number of important ecological and economic benefits. Adding nutrient rich treated wastewater effluent to selected coastal wetlands results in the following benefits: (1) improved effluent water quality; (2) increased accretion rates to help offset subsidence; (3) increased productivity of vegetation; and (4) financial and energy savings of capital not invested in conventional tertiary treatment systems. We present as case studies results from several wetlands that are receiving secondarily treated wastewater in coastal Louisiana. At one site where sedimentation accumulation was measured, rates of accretion increased significantly after wastewater application began in the treatment site (from 7.8 to 11.4mm yr~(-1)) and approached the estimated rate of regional relative sea level rise (RSLR) (12.0mm yr~(-1)). No corresponding increase was observed in an adjacent control site. This suggests that the application of nutrient-rich wastewater can help coastal wetlands survive sea level rise. In the same site, surface water nutrient reduction, from the effluent inflow to outflow (1600m), ranged from 100% for nitrate-nitrogen (NO_3-N) to 66% for total phosphorus (P). At a second site, a forested wetland that has been receiving wastewater effluent for 50 years, N and P were both reduced by more than 90%. Nutrient reduction is due to three main pathways: burial, denitrification and plant uptake. Dendrochronological analysis at the second site revealed that stem growth increased significantly in the treatment site after wastewater applications began, and was significantly greater than an adjacent control site. Similar increases in productivity have been measured in a number of wetland treatment sites. Economic analyses comparing conventional and wetland systems indicate savings range from $500,000 to $2.6 million. In addition there are substantial energy savings.
机译：使用湿地处理废水具有许多重要的生态和经济效益。在选定的沿海湿地中添加经过营养丰富的经过处理的废水可带来以下好处：（1）改善废水水质； （2）增加吸积率以抵消沉降； （3）提高植被生产力； （4）未投资于常规三级处理系统的资金的财务和能源节省。作为案例研究的结果，我们提供了路易斯安那州沿海几个正在接受二次处理废水的湿地的研究结果。在一个测量到沉积物堆积的地点，污水处理厂开始施用污水后，吸积率显着增加（从7.8毫米yr〜（-1）增至接近区域相对海平面上升（RSLR）的估计值（ 12.0mm yr〜（-1））。在相邻的对照部位没有观察到相应的增加。这表明使用营养丰富的废水可以帮助沿海湿地在海平面上升中生存。在同一地点，从废水流入到流出（1600m）的地表水养分减少量从硝酸盐氮（NO_3-N）的100％到总磷（P）的66％不等。在第二个站点上，一个森林湿地已经接受了50年的废水排放，氮和磷均减少了90％以上。营养减少归因于三个主要途径：埋葬，反硝化和植物吸收。在第二个地点的树轮年代学分析显示，污水处理开始后，处理地点的茎生长显着增加，并且明显大于相邻的控制地点。在许多湿地处理场已测量到生产率的类似提高。比较传统和湿地系统的经济分析表明，节省的费用从50万美元到260万美元不等。此外，还可以节省大量能源。

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