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首页> 外文期刊>Ocean & coastal management >Linking scenery and users' perception analysis of Italian beaches (case studies in Veneto, Emilia-Romagna and Basilicata regions)
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Linking scenery and users' perception analysis of Italian beaches (case studies in Veneto, Emilia-Romagna and Basilicata regions)

机译：将风景和用户对意大利海滩的感知分析联系起来（威尼托，艾米利亚-罗马涅和巴斯利卡塔地区的案例研究）

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摘要

The main purpose of this paper is to provide a scenic assessment of Italian beaches considering both physical and social aspects useful for defining coastal management strategies. Scenic values were calculated for 25 sites along Italian coastline using of a Coastal Scenic Evaluation System (CSES), a fuzzy logic containing 26 physical/human factors. The sites were categorized into five classes from Class I (top grade scenery) to Class V (poor scenery). Furthermore, a survey through questionnaires on Users' Perception (UP) was performed to obtain social assessment of the beaches and to define the beachgoer's characteristics for each scenic class. Five parameters (beach cleanliness, sea-water, beach width, landscape and crowding) were also combined to obtain a scenic and social analysis of the beaches. Three beaches belonged to Class I, e.g. remote or resort areas with a low impact of human activities and high score of natural parameters. Two Class II beaches were located at remote or rural areas having sand beaches, turquoise water and vigorous vegetation together with a low impact of tourist developments. Classes III, IV and V presented a wide distribution and their lower scores were linked to a poor environmental setting. These beaches were generally located in urban localities. Three aspects that were considered by the beach's users as the most important were beach cleanliness, good sea water and high quality of the services. However, UP assessment showed negative judgments on sea-water and landscape especially for Class IV and V beaches. On the other hand, cleanliness, recreational activities and facilities were well judged for the Class III, IV and V beaches mainly due to the presence of private beach establishments. Scenic and social analysis of the beaches indicated that beach width was the best parameter both for scenic and social assessment; while crowding factor was a contradictory parameter presenting opposite trends of CSES and UP. Beach cleanliness, sea-water and landscape were depended to scenic Class of the beaches, both for CSES and UP. The excellent scenic values were associated to the environmental settings whereas human parameters usually showed low scores especially for urban beaches due to marine litter and the presence of coastal defense structures like groins and breakwaters. Nevertheless, users frequented both beaches with high and low parameters, due to their habitually frequentation and proximity to the beach. Finally, the results indicate that management strategies are also needed to improve the scenic quality and users' judgement of some beach features.
机译：本文的主要目的是提供对意大利海滩的风景评估，同时考虑到物理和社会方面对定义海岸管理策略很有用。使用沿海风景评估系统（CSES），通过包含26种物理/人为因素的模糊逻辑，计算了意大利海岸线上25个地点的风景价值。这些地点分为五类，从第一类（顶级风景）到第五类（恶劣风景）。此外，通过问卷调查进行了用户感知度（UP）的调查，以获取海滩的社会评估并定义每个风景等级的海滩游者的特征。还结合了五个参数（海滩清洁度，海水，海滩宽度，景观和拥挤程度）以获得海滩的风景和社会分析。三个海滩属于I类，例如对人类活动影响较小且自然参数得分较高的偏远或度假区。有两个II类海滩位于偏远或农村地区，这些海滩有沙滩，碧绿的水和茂盛的植被，对旅游业的发展影响很小。 III，IV和V类的分布广泛，其较低的分数与恶劣的环境有关。这些海滩通常位于城市地区。沙滩使用者认为最重要的三个方面是沙滩的清洁度，良好的海水和优质的服务。但是，UP评估显示出对海水和景观的负面评价，尤其是对于IV级和V级海滩。另一方面，对III级，IV级和V级海滩的清洁，娱乐活动和设施的评价很好，这主要是由于存在私人海滩设施。对海滩的风景和社会分析表明，海滩宽度是风景和社会评估的最佳参数。而拥挤因子是一个矛盾的参数，呈现出CSES和UP的相反趋势。无论是CSES还是UP，海滩的清洁度，海水和景观都取决于风景优美的海滩等级。优良的风景价值与环境相关，而人为因素通常得分较低，尤其是在城市海滩上，这是由于海洋垃圾和腹股沟和防波堤等沿海防御结构的存在。然而，由于用户习惯性地频繁出入并且靠近海滩，因此用户频繁地使用具有高和低参数的两个海滩。最后，结果表明，还需要管理策略来提高风景质量和用户对某些海滩特征的判断。

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