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Marine megafauna in the northern Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh: Status, threats and conservation needs

机译：Marine Megafauna在孟加拉邦北湾，孟加拉国：地位，威胁和保护需求

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摘要

This study investigated the status of charismatic marine megafauna in the northern Bay of Bengal. Specifically, we gathered information on fishers' perceptions of megafauna in the Bay of Bengal to determine whether fishers view megafauna species as beneficial or harmful and/or under threat. Fieldwork was conducted at five sites from the three coastal districts of Bangladesh. Data were collected through individual interviews (n = 150), focus group discussions (n = 13) and key informant interviews (n = 20). Small-scale fishers interact with marine megafauna as bycatch or intentional harvest, although a small portion of fishers keep the bycatch for sale and consumption or use as ingredients in traditional medicine. Most fishers release marine megafauna back into the water because they are not interested in the catch, they want to obey rules protecting these species or because of social taboos. Fishers have different views on the positive and negative roles of marine megafauna. The perceived positive roles are as indicators of productive fishing grounds, sources of food and livelihoods, and maintenance of ecosystem balance. The perceived negative roles are damage to fishing gear, personal injury, bad omens and predation on target fish. Irrespective of their perceived roles, megafauna groups are vulnerable to the use of fishing gear, pollution, overfishing, bycatch, direct killing, environmental changes and lack of awareness. The present study also summarises the relevant national and international legal obligations relating to the protection of megafauna. The findings reflect a lack of a coherent legal and institutional framework to facilitate conservation of marine megafauna. The results of this study contribute to a better understanding of megafauna status in the northern Bay of Bengal that, in effect, will help define future efforts to enhance marine megafauna conservation in the context of achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 14 and blue growth.
机译：本研究调查了孟加拉北部湾富有魅力海洋Megafauna的地位。具体而言，我们收集了关于徒步旅行者在孟加拉湾的Megafauna的看法的信息，以确定渔民是否将梅格芬纳物种视为有益或有害和/或受威胁。校园驻孟加拉国三个沿海区的五个地点进行了实地工作。通过个别访谈收集数据（n = 150），焦点小组讨论（n = 13）和关键信息面试（n = 20）。小型渔民与海洋Megafauna互动，作为兼捕或故意收获，尽管一小部分渔民将兼捕用于销售和消费或用作传统医学中的成分。大多数渔民释放海洋Megafauna回到水中，因为他们对捕获不感兴趣，他们希望遵守规则保护这些物种或因为社交禁忌。渔民对海洋Megafauna的正面和负面角色有不同的看法。感知的积极作用是生产渔业场地，食物来源和生计的指标，以及生态系统平衡的维护。感知的负面角色是捕鱼齿轮，人身伤害，坏赘类和目标鱼类的掠夺。无论他们的感知角色如何，Megafauna团体都容易使用渔具，污染，过度捕捞，兼职，直接杀害，环境变化以及缺乏意识的群体。本研究还总结了与保护Megafauna有关的国家和国际法律义务。调查结果反映了缺乏连贯的法律和体制框架，以促进保护海洋梅格约。本研究的结果有助于更好地了解孟加拉北部湾的Megafauna地位，实际上，有助于为实现联合国可持续发展目标（SDG）14和蓝色的背景下，为未来的努力提升未来的巨大努力。生长。

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