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How to foster scientific knowledge integration in coastal management

机译：如何促进沿海管理层的科学知识整合

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摘要

Development of science-based coastal policies and strategies that effectively cope with coastal change and risk requires transfer of scientific knowledge beyond the scientific community, and its integration in management processes. However, scientists frequently convey their message to non-specialized audiences resourcing to their own empirical experience, often leading to a high effort - low efficiency process.This paper aims to propose a simple conceptual model to guide scientists in the process of knowledge transfer, focusing on whom and how, and promoting the efficiency of both the science dissemination process and integration of scientific knowledge in management of coastal land and risk. The model proposed herein aims to guide scientists to actively pursue the goal of transferring their knowledge to policymakers and managers besides layman society, and is essentially based upon a review and integration of previous work.We argue that selection of the most efficient scientific knowledge transfer mechanism (outreach, crowdsourcing tools, managers-oriented tools or co-production) should be based following careful consideration of level of engagement with the audience, and take into consideration political and social contexts. The level of engagement also controls the amount of effort involved in message framing, and the nature and robustness of the feedback from the target audience. The model acknowledges that communication strategy must be thought on a case-bycase basis and ranks the proportion of effort distributed between message deliverer (framing) and receiver (engagement) implicit in each transfer mechanism. This helps to select the most adequate mechanism and optimizes knowledge transfer efforts. In addition, it highlights the importance of encouraging scientists to develop message framing skills and to acknowledge the benefits of engaging with others.
机译：基于科学的沿海政策和战略的发展，有效应对沿海变革和风险，需要转移科学界之外的科学知识，并在管理程序中的整合。然而，科学家经常将他们的信息传达给非专业化的受众资助他们自己的实证经验，往往导致高效率 - 低效率过程。本文旨在提出一个简单的概念模型，以指导科学家在知识转移过程中指导科学家，重点论谁，促进科学传播过程的效率和科学知识沿海地区管理的融合。本文提出的模型旨在指导科学家积极追求将他们知识转移到政策制定者和管理者的目标，并且基本上基于以前工作的审查和整合。我们认为选择最有效的科学知识转移机制（外展，众包，经理为导向的工具或共同生产）应仔细考虑与观众的参与水平，并考虑政治和社会环境。参与水平也控制了消息框架中所涉及的努力，以及目标受众反馈的性质和鲁棒性。该模型承认必须在案例逐询问中思考通信策略，并在每个传送机制中隐含消息传送者（帧）和接收器（接收）之间分布的精力比例。这有助于选择最适合的机制并优化知识转移努力。此外，它强调了鼓励科学家们开发信息框架技能的重要性，并承认与他人参与的好处。

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