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Extreme bottom velocities induced by wind wave and currents in the Gulf of GdaA'sk

机译：GdaA“ sk海湾的风浪和洋流引起的极速

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摘要

The principal goal of this study is to get some preliminary insights about the intensity of water movement generated by wind waves, and due to the currents in the bottom waters of Gulf of GdaA"sk, during severe storms. The Gulf of GdaA"sk is located in the southern Baltic Sea. This paper presents the results of analysis of wave and current-induced velocities during extreme wind conditions, which are determined based on long-term historical records. The bottom velocity fields originated from wind wave and wind currents, during analysed extreme wind events, are computed independently of each other. The long-term wind wave parameters for the Baltic Sea region are derived from the 44-year hindcast wave database generated in the framework of the project HIPOCAS funded by the European Union. The output from the numerical wave model WAM provides the boundary conditions for the model SWAN operating in high-resolution grid covering the area of the Gulf of GdaA"sk. Wind current velocities are calculated with the M3D hydrodynamic model developed in the Institute of Oceanography of the University of GdaA"sk based on the POM model. The three dimensional current fields together with trajectories of particle tracers spreading out of bottom boundary layer are modelled, and the calculated fields of bottom velocities are presented in the form of 2D maps. During northerly winds, causing in the Gulf of GdaA"sk extreme waves and most significant wind-driven circulation, the wave-induced bottom velocities are greater than velocities due to currents. The current velocities in the bottom layer appeared to be smaller by an order of magnitude than the wave-induced bottom orbital velocities. Namely, during most severe northerly storms analysed, current bottom velocities ranged about 0.1-0.15 m/s, while the root mean square of wave-induced near-seabed velocities reached maximum values of up to 1.4 m/s in the southern part of Gulf of GdaA"sk.
机译：这项研究的主要目的是初步了解风浪产生的水运动强度，以及由于强风暴期间GdaA“ sk湾底部水域中的水流。位于波罗的海南部。本文介绍了基于长期历史记录确定的极端风条件下波浪和电流感应速度的分析结果。在分析极端风事件期间，源自风波和风流的最低速度场是相互独立计算的。波罗的海地区的长期风浪参数来自在欧盟资助的HIPOCAS项目框架内生成的44年后44波数据库。数值波模型WAM的输出为在覆盖GdaA“ sk海湾地区的高分辨率网格中运行的SWAN模型提供了边界条件。风速是通过海洋学研究所开发的M3D水动力模型来计算的。基于POM模型的GdaA大学” sk。对三维电流场以及从底部边界层扩展出来的粒子示踪剂的轨迹进行了建模，并以2D映射的形式显示了计算出的底部速度场。在北风期间，在GdaA“ sk海湾中引起极端波浪和最显着的风力驱动环流，波浪引起的底部速度大于由于电流引起的速度。底层的当前速度似乎减小了一个数量级即，在分析的最严重的北风暴期间，当前的底部速度范围约为0.1-0.15 m / s，而波浪引起的近海床速度的均方根则达到最大值up在GdaA“ sk海湾南部达到1.4 m / s。

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