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Parameterization of wind turbine impacts on hydrodynamics and sediment transport

机译：风机参数化对水动力和泥沙输送的影响

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Monopile foundations of offshore wind turbines modify the hydrodynamics and sediment transport at local and regional scales. The aim of this work is to assess these modifications and to parameterize them in a regional model. In the present study, this is achieved through a regional circulation model, coupled with a sediment transport module, using two approaches. One approach is to explicitly model the monopiles in the mesh as dry cells, and the other is to parameterize them by adding a drag force term to the momentum and turbulence equations. Idealised cases are run using hydrodynamical conditions and sediment grain sizes typical from the area located off Courseulles-sur-Mer (Normandy, France), where an offshore windfarm is under planning, to assess the capacity of the model to reproduce the effect of the monopile on the environment. Then, the model is applied to a real configuration on an area including the future offshore windfarm of Courseulles-sur-Mer. Four monopiles are represented in the model using both approaches, and modifications of the hydrodynamics and sediment transport are assessed over a tidal cycle. In relation to local hydrodynamic effects, it is observed that currents increase at the side of the monopile and decrease in front of and downstream of the monopile. In relation to sediment transport effect, the results show that resuspension and erosion occur around the monopile in locations where the current speed increases due to the monopile presence, and sediments deposit downstream where the bed shear stress is lower. During the tidal cycle, wakes downstream of the monopile reach the following monopile and modify the velocity magnitude and suspended sediment concentration patterns around the second monopile.
机译：海上风力涡轮机的单桩基础改变了局部和区域尺度的水动力和泥沙输送。这项工作的目的是评估这些修改并将它们参数化为区域模型。在本研究中，这是通过使用两种方法的区域循环模型和泥沙输送模块来实现的。一种方法是将网格中的单桩明确建模为干单元，另一种方法是通过向动量和湍流方程添加阻力项来对其进行参数化。理想情况是使用流体力学条件和沉积物粒度（典型情况是在距离正在规划中的海上风电场的Courseoures-sur-Mer（法国诺曼底）附近的地区）进行的，以评估模型再现单桩效应的能力。在环境上。然后，将该模型应用于包括将来的Courseulles-sur-Mer海上风电场的区域的实际配置。模型中使用这两种方法表示了四个单桩，并且在一个潮汐周期中评估了水动力和泥沙输送的变化。关于局部流体动力效应，观察到电流在单桩侧面增加而在单桩前面和下游减小。关于泥沙运移效果，结果表明，由于单桩的存在，当前速度增加的地方，在单桩周围发生了重悬和侵蚀，而沉积床下游的剪切应力较低，则沉积物沉积在下游。在潮汐周期中，单桩下游的尾流到达下一个单桩，并改变第二单桩周围的速度大小和悬浮沉积物浓度模式。

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