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Multiple timescales of stochastically forced North Atlantic Ocean variability: A model study

机译:随机强迫北大西洋变化的多个时间尺度:模型研究

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摘要

The Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) and the subpolar gyre (SPG) are important elements in mechanisms for multidecadal variability in models in the North Atlantic Ocean. In this study, a 2000-year long global ocean model integration forced with the atmospheric patterns associated with a white noise North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index is shown to have three distinct timescales of North Atlantic Ocean variability. First, an interannual timescale with variability shorter than 15 years, that can be related to Ekman dynamics. Second, a multidecadal timescale, on the 15- to 65-year range, that is mainly concentrated in the SPG region and is controlled by constructive interference between density anomalies around the gyre and the changing NAO forcing. Finally, the centennial timescales, with variability longer than 65 years, that can be attributed to the ocean being in a series of quasi-equilibrium states. The relationship between the ocean's response and the NAO index differs for each timescale; the 15-year and shorter timescales are directly related to the NAO of the same year, 15- to 65-year timescales are dependent on the NAO index in the last 25-30 years in a sinusoidal sense while the 65-year and longer timescales relate to a sum of the last 50-80 years of the NAO index.
机译:大西洋子午翻转环流(AMOC)和极地极回旋(SPG)是北大西洋模型中多年代际变化机制中的重要元素。在这项研究中,由与白噪声北大西洋涛动指数相关的大气模式强迫进行的长达2000年的全球海洋模型整合显示出北大西洋海洋变化的三个不同时标。首先,年际时标的变化小于15年,这可能与埃克曼动力学有关。其次,一个多十年的时标,范围在15到65年之间,主要集中在SPG区域,并受回旋周围的密度异常与不断变化的NAO强迫之间的相长干涉的控制。最后,变异超过65年的百年时间尺度可以归因于海洋处于一系列准平衡状态。海洋响应与NAO指数之间的关系在每个时间尺度上都不同; 15年或更短的时间尺度与同年的NAO直接相关,15到65年的尺度在过去的25-30年内以正弦形式依赖于NAO指数,而65年和更长的尺度与NAO指数的最近50-80年之和有关。

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