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Hydrodynamic response of a fringing coral reef to a rise in mean sea level

机译：边缘珊瑚礁对平均海平面上升的水动力响应

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摘要

Ningaloo Reef, located along the northwest coast of Australia, is one of the longest flinging coral reefs in the world extending ～300 km. Similar to other fringing reefs, it consists of a barrier reef ～1-6 km offshore with occasional gaps, backed by a shallow lagoon. Wave breaking on the reef generates radiation stress gradients that produces wave setup across the reef and lagoon and mean currents across the reef. A section of Ningaloo Reef at Sandy Bay was chosen as the focus of an intense 6-week field experiment and numerical simulation using the wave model SWAN coupled to the three-dimensional circulation model ROMS. The physics of near-shore processes such as wave breaking, wave setup and mean flow across the reef was investigated in detail by examining the various momentum balances established in the system. The magnitude of the terms and the distance of their peaks from reef edge in the momentum balance were sensitive to the changes in mean sea level, e.g. the wave forces decreased as the mean water depth increased (and hence, wave breaking dissipation was reduced). This led to an increase in the wave power at the shoreline, a slight shift of the surf zone to the lee side of the reef and changes in the intensity of the circulation. The predicted hydrodynamic fields were input into a Lagrang-ian particle tracking model to estimate the transport time scale of the reef-lagoon system. Flushing time of the lagoon with the open ocean was computed using two definitions in renewal of semi-enclosed water basins and revealed the sensitivity of such a transport time scale to methods. An increase in the lagoon exchange rate at smaller mean sea-level rise and the decrease at higher mean sea-level rise was predicted through flushing time computed using both methods.
机译：Ningaloo礁位于澳大利亚西北海岸，是世界上最长的飞出的珊瑚礁之一，延伸约300公里。与其他礁石相似，它由近海〜1-6 km的屏障礁组成，偶尔有间隙，并以浅泻湖为后盾。礁石上的波浪破裂会产生辐射应力梯度，该辐射应力梯度会在礁石和泻湖之间形成波浪形，并在礁石上产生平均电流。使用波浪模型SWAN和三维环流模型ROMS进行的为期6周的密集野外实验和数值模拟，选择了桑迪湾Ningaloo礁的一部分作为重点。通过检查系统中建立的各种动量平衡，详细研究了近岸过程的物理特性，例如波浪破碎，波浪形成和穿过礁石的平均流量。在动量平衡中，项的大小和其峰距礁石边缘的距离对平均海平面的变化（例如海平面）敏感。波浪力随着平均水深的增加而减小（因此，波浪破碎的耗散减小了）。这导致海岸线的波浪功率增加，冲浪区向礁石背风侧略有偏移，并且循环强度发生变化。将预测的水动力场输入拉格朗日粒子跟踪模型，以估计礁湖系统的运输时间尺度。使用半封闭水盆更新中的两个定义计算了泻湖与大洋的冲洗时间，并揭示了这种运输时间尺度对方法的敏感性。通过使用这两种方法计算的冲洗时间，可以预测在较小的平均海平面上升时泻湖交换速率增加，而在较高的平均海平面上升时下降。

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  • 来源
    《Ocean Dynamics》 |2014年第7期|975-987|共13页
  • 作者

    Soheila Taebi; Charitha Pattiaratchi;

  • 作者单位

    School of Civil, Environmental and Mining Engineering, University of Western Australia, 6009 Crawley, Australia,The UWA Oceans Institute, University of Western Australia, 6009 Crawley, Australia;

    School of Civil, Environmental and Mining Engineering, University of Western Australia, 6009 Crawley, Australia,The UWA Oceans Institute, University of Western Australia, 6009 Crawley, Australia;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Fringing coral reef; Mean sea-level rise; Hydrodynamic and transport modelling;

    机译：边缘珊瑚礁;平均海平面上升;流体力学和运输模型;

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