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Solomon Sea circulation and water mass modifications: response at ENSO timescales

机译：所罗门海环流和水质变化：在ENSO时标上的响应

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摘要

The South Pacific low latitude western boundary currents (LLWBCs) carry waters of subtropical origin through the Solomon Sea before joining the equatorial Pacific. Changes in their properties or transport are assumed to impact El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) dynamics. At ENSO timescales, the LLWBCs transport tends to counterbalance the interior geostrophic one. When transiting through the complex geography of the Solomon Sea, the main LLWBC, the New Guinea Coastal Undercurrent, cannot follow a unique simple route to the equator. Instead, its routes and water mass properties are influenced by the circulation occurring in the Solomon Sea. In this study, the response of the Solomon Sea circulation to ENSO is investigated based on a numerical simulation. The transport anomalies entering the Solomon Sea from the south are confined to the top 250 m of the water column, where they represent 7.5 Sv (based on ENSO composites) for a mean transport of 10 Sv. The induced circulation anomalies in the Solomon Sea are not symmetric between the two ENSO states because of (1) a bathymetric control at Vitiaz Strait, which plays a stronger role during El Nino, and (2) an additional inflow through Solomon Strait during La Nina events. In terms of temperature and salinity, modifications are particularly notable for the thermocline water during El Nino conditions, with cooler and fresher waters compared to the climatological mean. The surface water at Vitiaz Strait and the upper thermocline water at Solomon Strait, feeding respectively the equatorial Pacific warm pool and the Equatorial Undercurrent, particularly affect the heat and salt fluxes. These fluxes can change by up to a factor of 2 between extreme El Nino and La Nina conditions.
机译：南太平洋低纬度西边界洋流（LLWBC）在进入赤道太平洋之前，通过所罗门海携带亚热带水域。假定其性质或运输方式的变化会影响厄尔尼诺南方涛动（ENSO）动力学。在ENSO时标上，LLWBCs的运输趋于抵消内部地转。当穿越所罗门海的复杂地理环境时，主要的LLWBC（新几内亚沿海暗流）无法沿着独特的简单路线到达赤道。取而代之的是，所罗门海中发生的环流影响其路径和水质特性。在这项研究中，基于数值模拟研究了所罗门海环流对ENSO的响应。从南部进入所罗门海的输运异常仅限于水柱的顶部250 m，在该处代表7.5 Sv（基于ENSO复合材料），平均输运量为10 Sv。所罗门海中引起的环流异常在两个ENSO状态之间是不对称的，这是因为（1）维提阿兹海峡的测深控制，在厄尔尼诺现象期间起着更重要的作用，以及（2）拉尼娜期间通过所罗门海峡的额外流入事件。就温度和盐度而言，在厄尔尼诺现象期间，对温跃层水的修改尤为明显，与气候平均值相比，凉水和淡水的变化更大。维提亚斯海峡的地表水和所罗门海峡的上部温跃层水分别供给赤道太平洋暖池和赤道暗流，特别影响热量和盐通量。在极端的厄尔尼诺现象和拉尼娜现象之间，这些通量最多可变化2倍。

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