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首页> 外文期刊>Ocean Dynamics >Sea breezes drive currents on the inner continental shelf off southwest Western Australia
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Sea breezes drive currents on the inner continental shelf off southwest Western Australia

机译：海风推动西澳大利亚西南部内陆大陆架上的洋流

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摘要

In southwest Western Australia, strong and persistent sea breezes are common between September and February. We hypothesized that on the inner continental shelf, in the absence of tidal forcing, the depth, magnitude, and lag times of the current speed and direction responses to sea breezes would vary though the water column as a function of the sea breeze intensity. To test this hypothesis, field data were used from four sites were that were in water depths of up to 13 m. Sites were located on the inner continental shelf and were on the open coast and in a semi-enclosed coastal embayment. The dominant spectral peak in currents at all sites indicated that the majority of the spectral energy contained in the currents was due to forcing by sea breezes. Currents were aligned with the local orientation of the shoreline. On a daily basis, the sea breezes resulted in increased current speeds and also changed the current directions through the water column. The correlation between wind-current speeds and directions with depth, and the lag time between the onset of the sea breeze and the response of currents, were dependent on the intensity of the sea breezes. A higher correlation between wind and current speeds occurred during strong sea breezes and was associated with shorter lag times for the response of the bottom currents. The lag times were validated with estimates of the vertical eddy viscosity. Solar heating caused the water column to stratify in summer and the sea breezes overcame this stratification. Sea breezes caused the mixed layer to deepen and the intensity of the stratification was correlated to the strength of the sea breezes. Weak sea breezes of <5 ms~(-1) were associated with the strongest thermal stratification of the water column, up to 1 ℃ between the surface and bottom layers (6 and 10 m below the surface). In comparison, strong sea breezes of >14 ms~(-1) caused only slight thermal stratification up to 0.5℃. Apart from these effects on the vertical structure of water column, the sea breezes also influenced transport and mixing in the horizontal dimension. The sea breezes in southwest Western Australia rotated in an anticlockwise direction each day and this rotation was translated into the currents. This current rotation was more prominent in surface currents and in the coastal embayment compared to the open coast.
机译：在西澳大利亚州西南部，9月至2月间经常出现强劲而持久的海风。我们假设在大陆架内，在没有潮汐强迫的情况下，当前速度和方向对海风的响应的深度，大小和滞后时间会随着水柱的变化而随海风强度的变化而变化。为了验证该假设，使用了四个地点的现场数据，这些地点的水深达13 m。地点位于内陆大陆架，开阔海岸和半封闭沿海隔离带中。在所有地点的电流中占主导地位的频谱峰值表明，电流中包含的大部分频谱能量是由于海风的强迫。水流与海岸线的局部方向一致。每天，海风导致水流速度增加，并且改变了通过水柱的水流方向。风速和方向与深度之间的相关性，以及海风开始和海流响应之间的滞后时间，取决于海风的强度。在强烈的海风中，风速和风速之间存在较高的相关性，并且与底部海流响应的滞后时间较短有关。滞后时间通过垂直涡流粘度的估计值进行验证。太阳加热导致水柱在夏天分层，海风克服了这种分层。海风引起混合层加深，分层的强度与海风的强度有关。 <5 ms〜（-1）的弱海风与水柱的最强热分层有关，在表层和底层之间（表层以下6和10 m）最高可达1℃。相比之下，> 14 ms〜（-1）的强海风仅引起高达0.5℃的轻微热分层。除这些对水柱垂直结构的影响外，海风还影响了水平方向的运输和混合。西澳大利亚州西南部的海风每天都沿逆时针方向旋转，这种旋转被转化为洋流。与开阔海岸相比，这种水流旋转在地表水流和海岸带中更为突出。

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  • 来源
    《Ocean Dynamics》 |2012年第4期|p.569-583|共15页
  • 作者

    Shari L. Gallop; Florence Verspecht; Charitha B. Pattiaratchi;

  • 作者单位

    School of Environmental Systems Engineering and the UWA Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, M470,Crawley, WA 6009, Australia;

    School of Environmental Systems Engineering and the UWA Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, M470,Crawley, WA 6009, Australia;

    School of Environmental Systems Engineering and the UWA Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, M470,Crawley, WA 6009, Australia;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    coastal boundary layer; wind; eddy viscosity; vertical mixing; stratification; mixed-layer depth;

    机译：沿海边界层;风涡黏度;垂直混合;分层;混合层深度;

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