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Influence of sea surface wind wave turbulence upon wind-induced circulation, tide-surge interaction and bed stress

机译：海面风浪湍流对风环流，潮涌相互作用和河床应力的影响

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摘要

A three-dimensional finite volume unstructured mesh model of the west coast of Britain, with high resolu-tion in the coastal regions, is used to investigate the role of wind wave turbulence and wind and tide forced currents in producing maximum bed stress in the eastern Irish Sea. The spatial distribution of the maximum bed stress, which is important in sediment transport problems, is determined, together with how it is modified by the direction of wind forced currents, tide-surge interaction and a surface source of wind wave turbulence associated with wave breaking. Initial calculations show that to first order the distribution of maximum bed stress is determined by the tide. However, since maximum sediment transport occurs at times of epi-sodic events, such as storm surges, their effects upon max-imum bed stresses are examined for the case of strong northerly, southerly and westerly wind forcing. Calculations show that due to tide-surge interaction both the tidal distri-bution and the surge are modified by non-linear effects. Consequently, the magnitude and spatial distribution of maximum bed stress during major wind events depends upon wind direction. In addition calculations show that a surface source of turbulence due to wind wave breaking in shallow water can influence the maximum bed stress. In turn, this influences the wind forced flow and hence the movement of suspended sediment. Calculations of the spatial variability of maximum bed stress indicate the level of measurements required for model validation.
机译：在沿海地区具有高分辨率的英国西海岸的三维有限体积非结构网格模型用于研究风波湍流以及风潮和潮汐强迫流在东部产生最大床层应力中的作用爱尔兰海。确定了最大床应力的空间分布，这对于沉积物的运输问题很重要，并确定了它如何通过风力流的方向，潮涌相互作用和与波浪破裂相关的风波湍流的表面源来改变。初步计算表明，一阶最大河床应力的分布由潮汐确定。但是，由于最大的泥沙输送发生在诸如风暴潮之类的偶发性事件发生时，因此，在强北风，南风和西风的情况下，需要检查它们对最大床应力的影响。计算表明，由于潮汐-潮汐相互作用，潮汐分布和潮汐都受到非线性效应的影响。因此，在重大风事件中最大床应力的大小和空间分布取决于风向。此外，计算表明，由于浅水中的风波破裂而引起的地表湍流会影响最大床层应力。反过来，这会影响风力流动，从而影响悬浮泥沙的运动。最大床层应力的空间变异性计算表明了模型验证所需的测量水平。

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