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首页> 外文期刊>Ocean Dynamics >Estimation of the internal pressure gradient in σ -coordinate ocean models: comparison of second-, fourth-, and sixth-order schemes
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Estimation of the internal pressure gradient in σ -coordinate ocean models: comparison of second-, fourth-, and sixth-order schemes

机译：σ坐标海洋模型中内部压力梯度的估计：二阶，四阶和六阶方案的比较

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摘要

Sigma-coordinate ocean models are attractive because of their abilities to resolve bottom and surface boundary layers. However, these models can have large internal pressure gradient (IPG) errors. In this paper, two classes of methods for the estimation of the IPGs are assessed. The first is based on the integral approach used in the Princeton Ocean Model (POM). The second is suggested by Shchepetkin and McWilliams (2003) based on Green's theorem; thus, area integrals of the pressure forces are transformed into line integrals. Numerical tests on the seamount problem, as well as on a northwestern Atlantic grid using both classes of methods, are presented. For each class, second-, fourth-, and sixth-order approximations are tested. Results produced with a fourth-order compact method and with cubic spline methods are also given. The results show that the methods based on the POM approach in general give smaller errors than the corresponding methods given in Shchepetkin and McWilliams (2003). The POM approach also is more robust when noise is added to the topography. In particular, the IPG errors may be substantially reduced by using the computationally simple fourth-order method from McCalpin (1994).
机译：Sigma坐标海洋模型具有吸引力，因为它们能够解析底部和表面边界层。但是，这些模型可能具有较大的内部压力梯度（IPG）误差。在本文中，评估了两类IPG估计方法。第一种是基于普林斯顿海洋模型（POM）中使用的积分方法。第二种是Shchepetkin和McWilliams（2003）根据格林定理提出的。因此，压力的面积积分被转换为线积分。提出了使用这两种方法对海山问题以及在西北大西洋网格上进行的数值测试。对于每个类别，都要测试二阶，四阶和六阶近似。还给出了用四阶紧致法和三次样条法产生的结果。结果表明，与Shchepetkin和McWilliams（2003）给出的相应方法相比，基于POM方法的方法通常会产生较小的误差。当将噪声添加到地形时，POM方法也更加健壮。特别是，通过使用McCalpin（1994）的计算简单的四阶方法，可以大大减少IPG错误。

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