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The modification of current ellipses by stratification in the Liverpool Bay ROFI

机译：在利物浦湾ROFI中通过分层修改当前椭圆

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摘要

Understanding the fate of freshwater runoff and corresponding nutrient and pollution loads is of critical importance for the development of accurate predictive models and coastal management tools. A key element of such studies is the identification and understanding of the interaction between stratification and current structure. This paper presents a new series of measurements made in the Liverpool Bay region of freshwater influence (ROFI) during spring 2004 where freshwater-maintained horizontal density gradients and strong tidal currents interact to produce strain-induced periodic stratification (SIPS). During stratification, tidal current profiles are significantly modified such that the tidal flow deviates from the otherwise rectilinear E-W axis generating counter rotating upper and lower mixed layers. This feature has often been reported for the Rhine ROFI but not previously identified in Liverpool Bay despite previous investigation at this site. Investigation of an ongoing long-term dataset collected nearby reveals this process to be a common feature throughout the year. Liverpool Bay is shown to maintain three different regimes, long term mixed, long term stratified, and a transitional state when SIPS occurs. The phase of SIPS relative to the tide results in a residual flow away from the Welsh coastline in the upper water column of 2.3-3.6 cm s~(-1) with a counterflow in the lower layer of 2.8-3.1 cm s~(-1) towards the coast.
机译：了解淡水径流的命运以及相应的养分和污染负荷对于开发准确的预测模型和沿海管理工具至关重要。此类研究的关键要素是识别和理解分层与当前结构之间的相互作用。本文介绍了2004年春季在利物浦湾淡水影响（ROFI）区域进行的一系列新测量，在这些区域中，淡水保持的水平密度梯度和强潮流相互作用，产生了应变诱发的周期性分层（SIPS）。在分层过程中，潮汐流剖面被显着修改，以使潮汐流偏离原本为直线的E-W轴，从而产生上下旋转的混合层。尽管在此站点进行过调查，但经常在莱茵河ROFI中报告过此功能，但以前在利物浦湾尚未发现。对附近收集的正在进行的长期数据集的调查表明，这一过程是全年的共同特征。利物浦湾显示出维持三种不同的状态，即长期混合，长期分层以及发生SIPS时的过渡状态。 SIPS相对于潮汐的相位导致在威尔士海岸线上的剩余水流离开2.3-3.6 cm s〜（-1）的上水柱，而在下层的逆流则是2.8-3.1 cm s〜（- 1）向海岸。

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