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Ocean wind fields retrieved from the advanced synthetic aperture radar aboard ENVISAT

机译：从ENVISAT上的先进合成孔径雷达获得的海风场

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摘要

In this paper an algorithm is presented which enables high-resolution ocean surface wind fields to be retrieved from the advanced synthetic aperture radar (ASAR) data acquired by the European remote sensing satellite ENVISAT. Wind directions are extracted from wind-induced streaks that are visible in ASAR images at scales above 200 m and that are approximately in line with the mean surface wind direction. Wind speeds are derived from the normalized radar cross section (NRCS) and image geometry of the calibrated ASAR images, together with the local ASAR-retrieved wind direction. Therefore the empirical C-band model CMOD4, which describes the dependency of the NRCS on wind and image geometry, is used. CMOD4 is a semi-empirical model, which was originally developed for the scatter-ometer of the European remote sensing satellites ERS-1 and 2 operating at C-band with vertical polarization. Consequently, CMOD4 requires modification when applied to ASAR images that were acquired with horizontal polarization in transmitting and receiving. This is performed by considering the polarization ratio of the NRCS. To demonstrate the applicability of the algorithm, wind fields were computed from several ENVISAT ASAR images of the North Sea and compared to atmospheric model results of the German weather service.
机译：在本文中，提出了一种算法，该算法能够从欧洲遥感卫星ENVISAT获取的高级合成孔径雷达（ASAR）数据中检索高分辨率海面风场。从在ASAR图像中可见的风向条纹中提取风向，风向条纹大于200 m，并且与平均地面风向大致一致。风速是从归一化雷达横截面（NRCS）和校准的ASAR图像的图像几何以及本地ASAR提取的风向得出的。因此，使用了经验C波段模型CMOD4，该模型描述了NRCS对风和图像几何的依赖性。 CMOD4是一个半经验模型，最初是为在垂直极化C波段工作的欧洲遥感卫星ERS-1和2的散射仪开发的。因此，在将CMOD4应用于在发送和接收过程中以水平偏振获取的ASAR图像时，需要进行修改。这是通过考虑NRCS的极化率来完成的。为了证明该算法的适用性，根据北海的几个ENVISAT ASAR图像计算了风场，并将其与德国气象局的大气模型结果进行了比较。

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