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Pattern of vertical velocity in the Lofoten vortex (the Norwegian Sea)

机译：罗弗敦涡流（挪威海）中的垂直速度模式

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摘要

Mean radial distributions of various dynamic characteristics of the permanently existing anticyclonic Lofoten vortex (LV) in the Norwegian Sea are obtained from an eddy-permitting regional hydrodynamic MIT general circulation model. It is shown that the model adequately reproduces the observed 3D thermohaline and dynamic structure of the vortex. The obtained radial distribution of the mean vertical velocity is found to form a complex structure: with the upward fluxes along the axis in and above the anticyclonically rotating LV core, compensated by the downward fluxes in the vortex skirt. These vertical motions maintain the vortex potential energy anomaly against dissipation. This secondary circulation is generated by the centrifugal force and, to a lesser extent, by the horizontal dispersion of the vortex energy, both intensified towards the sea surface. Below the vortex core, the maximum downward vertical velocity converges towards the vortex axis with depth. At these depth levels, the secondary circulation is forced by Ekman divergence in the bottom mixed layer. The theory of columnar vortices with helical structure, applied to the LV, relate the radial profiles of the vertical velocity with those of the horizontal circulation. The theoretically predicted the radial patterns of the mean vertical velocity in the LV were close to those, obtained from the primitive equation ocean model, when approximating the radial patterns of the azimuthal velocity with the Rayleigh profile.
机译：挪威海中永久存在的反气旋Lofoten涡（LV）各种动力学特征的平均径向分布是从允许涡流的区域水动力MIT总体环流模型获得的。结果表明，该模型能够充分再现观察到的3D热盐度和涡旋的动态结构。发现所获得的平均垂直速度的径向分布形成了一个复杂的结构：在反旋旋转的LV磁芯中和上方沿轴的向上磁通被涡旋裙缘中的向下磁通所补偿。这些垂直运动保持了涡流势能异常以防耗散。这种二次循环是由离心力产生的，而在较小程度上是由涡旋能量的水平扩散所产生的，两者都向海面增强。在涡旋核心下方，最大向下垂直速度随着深度向涡旋轴收敛。在这些深度水平上，底部混合层中的埃克曼散度迫使二次循环。应用于LV的具有螺旋结构的柱状涡旋理论将垂直速度的径向分布与水平循环的径向分布联系起来。当用瑞利剖面逼近方位角速度的径向模式时，理论上预测的LV中平均垂直速度的径向模式与从原始方程海洋模型获得的径向模式接近。

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