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Roles of atmospheric variabilities in the formation of the Indian Ocean Dipole

机译：大气变化在印度洋偶极子形成中的作用

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摘要

Roles of atmospheric variabilities in the formation of Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) were investigated using an ocean general circulation model and different atmospheric forcing datasets. Simulated IODs indicated that IOD amplitude decreased without intraseasonal variability and the sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) peaks moved northward, resulting in unrealistic SSTA patterns. Analysis on the tendencies contributing to forming the SSTA of IODs revealed that the oceanic vertical processes were mainly influenced by seasonal variability, which was related to El Nino (La Nina) through anticyclonic (cyclonic) surface wind circulation and equatorial Kelvin waves in the Indian Ocean. Madden-Julian oscillations (MJOs) were found to have large impacts on the change in latent heat flux and surface wind anomaly that controlled the SSTA. In the wake region of MJOs, surface easterly (westerly) wind anomalies were magnified due to the suppressed (enhanced) convection phase of the MJO, whereas the effect of the opposite phase was weakened by the preceding anticyclonic (cyclonic) sea level pressure for positive IODs (negative IODs). Further, the MJO modulated meridional gradient of sea level pressure anomaly, and the resulting effect changed the locations of SSTAs.
机译：使用海洋总环流模型和不同的大气强迫数据集，研究了大气变化在印度洋偶极子（IOD）形成中的作用。模拟的IOD表明IOD振幅下降而没有季节内的变化，并且海面温度异常（SSTA）峰值向北移动，导致不切实际的SSTA模式。对形成IOD的SSTA的趋势进行分析后发现，海洋垂直过程主要受季节变化的影响，这与印度洋的反气旋（旋风）地表风环流和赤道开尔文波与厄尔尼诺（拉尼娜）有关。 。发现Madden-Julian振荡（MJO）对控制SSTA的潜热通量和地表风异常的变化有很大影响。在MJO的尾流区域，由于MJO的对流相被抑制（增强），对流面的东风（西风）异常被放大，而反相的影响则被先前的反气旋（气旋）海平面压力减弱而减弱。 IOD（负IOD）。此外，MJO调制了海平面压力异常的子午梯度，其结果改变了SSTA的位置。

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