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Numerical modelling of morphodynamics—Vilaine Estuary

机译：形态动力学数值模拟—维拉恩河口

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The main objective of this paper is to develop a method to simulate long-term morphodynamics of estuaries dominated by fine sediments, which are subject to both tidal flow and meteorologically induced variations in freshwater run-off and wave conditions. The method is tested on the Vilaine Estuary located in South Brittany, France. The estuary is subject to a meso–macrotidal regime. The semi-diurnal tidal range varies from around 2.5 to 5 m at neap and spring, respectively. The freshwater input is controlled by a dam located approximately 8 km from the mouth of the estuary. Sediments are characterised as mostly fines, but more sandy areas are also found. The morphology of the estuary is highly influenced by the dam. It is very dynamic and changes in a complicated manner with the run-off from the dam, the tide and the wave forcing at the mouth of the estuary. Extensive hydrodynamic and sediment field data have been collected in the past and provide a solid scientific basis for studying the estuary. Based on a conceptual understanding of the morphodynamics, a numerical morphological model with coupled hydrodynamic, surface wave and sediment transport models is formulated. The numerical models are calibrated to reproduce sediment concentrations, tidal flat altimetry and overall sediment fluxes. Scaling factors are applied to a reference year to form quasi-realistic hydrodynamic forcing and river run-off, which allow for the simulations to be extended to other years. The simulation results are compared with observed bathymetric changes in the estuary during the period 1998–2005. The models and scaling factors are applied to predict the morphological development over a time scale of up to 10 years. The influence of the initial conditions and the sequence of external hydrodynamic forcing, with respect to the morphodynamic response of the estuary, are discussed.
机译：本文的主要目的是开发一种方法，以模拟以细沙为主的河口的长期形态动力学，细沙在潮汐流和气象诱发的淡水径流和波浪条件下都受到变化。该方法在位于法国南布列塔尼的维拉恩河口进行了测试。入海口受中，宏观的控制。半日潮在小睡和春季时的潮汐范围分别从2.5到5 m不等。淡水的输入由距离河口约8公里的水坝控制。沉积物主要表现为细屑，但也发现了更多的沙质区域。河口的形态受大坝的影响很大。它是非常动态的，并且随着大坝的径流，潮汐和河口处的波浪作用而以复杂的方式变化。过去已经收集了广泛的水动力和泥沙场数据，为研究河口提供了坚实的科学基础。在对形态动力学的概念理解的基础上，建立了具有水动力，表面波和沉积物传输模型的数值形态模型。校准了数值模型，以再现沉积物浓度，潮滩测高和总体沉积物通量。将比例因子应用于参考年以形成准现实的水动力强迫和河流径流，这使得模拟可以扩展到其他年份。将模拟结果与1998-2005年期间河口的测深变化进行比较。该模型和比例因子可用于预测长达10年时间范围内的形态发展。讨论了初始条件和外部水动力强迫的顺序对河口形态动力响应的影响。

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