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首页> 外文期刊>Ocean Dynamics >Regional coupled ocean–atmosphere downscaling in the Southeast Pacific: impacts on upwelling, mesoscale air–sea fluxes, and ocean eddies
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Regional coupled ocean–atmosphere downscaling in the Southeast Pacific: impacts on upwelling, mesoscale air–sea fluxes, and ocean eddies

机译：东南太平洋区域耦合的海洋-大气尺度缩小：对上升流，中尺度海海通量和海洋涡流的影响

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Ocean–atmosphere coupling in the Humboldt Current System (HCS) of the Southeast Pacific is studied using the Scripps Coupled Ocean–atmosphere Regional (SCOAR) model, which is used to downscale the National Center for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Reanalysis-2 (RA2) product for the period 2000–2007 at 20-km resolution. An interactive 2-D spatial smoother within the sea-surface temperature (SST)–flux coupler is invoked in a separate run to isolate the impact of the mesoscale (∼50–200 km, in the oceanic sense) SST field felt by the atmosphere in the fully coupled run. For the HCS, SCOAR produces seasonal wind stress and wind stress curl patterns that agree better with QuikSCAT winds than those from RA2. The SCOAR downscaled wind stress distribution has substantially different impacts on the magnitude and structure of wind-driven upwelling processes along the coast compared to RA2. Along coastal locations such as Arica and Taltal, SCOAR and RA2 produce seasonally opposite signs in the total wind-driven upwelling transport. At San Juan, SCOAR shows that upwelling is mainly due to coastal Ekman upwelling transport, while in RA2 upwelling is mostly attributed to Ekman pumping. Fully coupled SCOAR shows significant SST–wind stress coupling during fall and winter, while smoothed SCOAR shows insignificant coupling throughout, indicating the important role of ocean mesoscale eddies on air–sea coupling in HCS. Coupling between SST, wind speed, and latent heat flux is incoherent in large-scale coupling and full coupling mode. In contrast, coupling between these three variables is clearly identified for oceanic mesoscales, which suggests that mesoscale SST affects latent heat directly through the bulk formulation, as well as indirectly through stability changes on the overlying atmosphere, which affects surface wind speeds. The SST–wind stress and SST–heat-flux couplings, however, fail to produce a strong change in the ocean eddy statistics. No rectified effects of ocean–atmosphere coupling were identified for either the atmospheric or oceanic mean conditions, suggesting that mesoscale coupling is too weak in this region to strongly alter the basic climate state.
机译：使用斯克里普斯耦合海洋-大气区域（SCOAR）模型研究了东南太平洋洪堡洋流系统（HCS）中的海洋-大气耦合，该模型用于缩小国家环境预测中心（NCEP）重新分析-2（RA2）的规模。 ）产品（2000-2007年），分辨率为20公里。在单独的运行中调用海面温度（SST）-通量耦合器内的交互式二维空间平滑器，以隔离大气所感觉到的中尺度（在海洋意义上约为50-200 km）SST场的影响在完全耦合的运行中。对于HCS，SCOAR产生的季节性风应力和风应力卷曲模式与QuikSCAT的风相比，比RA2的风性更好。与RA2相比，SCOAR缩减的风应力分布对沿海岸的风动力上升过程的大小和结构具有显着不同的影响。在沿海地区，例如阿里卡（Arica）和塔尔塔尔（Taltal），SCOAR和RA2在整个风动力上升流中产生季节性相反的迹象。在圣胡安，SCOAR表明上升流主要归因于沿海埃克曼上升流运输，而在RA2中，上升流主要归因于埃克曼抽水。完全耦合的SCOAR在秋季和冬季显示出显着的SST-风应力耦合，而平滑的SCOAR则在整个过程中显示出微不足道的耦合，表明海洋中尺度涡旋在HCS中的海-气耦合中具有重要作用。在大规模耦合和完全耦合模式下，SST，风速和潜热通量之间的耦合是不连贯的。相反，海洋中尺度清楚地确定了这三个变量之间的耦合，这表明中尺度海表温度直接通过大量配方影响潜热，也通过上覆大气的稳定性变化间接影响潜热，从而影响地表风速。但是，SST-风应力和SST-热通量耦合并没有在海洋涡流统计中产生强烈的变化。在大气或海洋平均条件下，均未发现海洋与大气耦合的矫正作用，这表明该地区的中尺度耦合太弱，无法强烈改变基本的气候状态。

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