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Seasonality of the submesoscale dynamics in the Gulf Stream region

机译：湾流地区亚中尺度动力学的季节性

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摘要

Frontogenesis and frontal instabilities in the mixed layer are known to be important processes in the formation of submesoscale features. We study the seasonality of such processes in the Gulf Stream (GS) region. To approach this problem, a realistic simulation with the Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model is integrated for 18 months at two horizontal resolutions: a high-resolution (1/48°) simulation able to resolve part of the submesoscale regime and the full range of mesoscale dynamics, and a coarser resolution (1/12°) case, in which submesoscales are not resolved. Results provide an insight into submesoscale dynamics in the complex GS region. A clear seasonal cycle is observed, with submesoscale features mostly present during winter. The submesoscale field is quantitatively characterized in terms of deviation from geostrophy and 2D dynamics. The limiting and controlling factor in the occurrence of submesoscales appears to be the depth of the mixed layer, which controls the reservoir of available potential energy available at the mesoscale fronts that are present most of the year. Atmospheric forcings are the main energy source behind submesoscale formation, but mostly indirectly through mixed layer deepening. The mixed layer instability scaling suggested in the (Fox-Kemper et al., J Phys Oceanogr 38:1145–1165, 2008) parametrization appears to hold, indicating that the parametrization is appropriate even in this complex and mesoscale dominated area.
机译：已知混合层中的前生和额叶不稳定性是形成亚中尺度特征的重要过程。我们研究了墨西哥湾流（GS）地区此类过程的季节性。为了解决这个问题，在两个水平分辨率下，使用混合坐标海洋模型进行了为期18个月的逼真的模拟：高分辨率（1/48°）模拟，能够解析部分亚中尺度范围和中尺度动力学的全部范围，以及分辨率较粗的（1/12°）情况，其中亚分辨尺度无法解析。结果提供了对复杂GS区域中亚尺度尺度动力学的见解。观察到明显的季节周期，亚尺度尺度特征主要出现在冬季。亚尺度范围的领域根据与地球动力学和2D动力学的偏差进行定量表征。亚中尺度出现的限制和控制因素似乎是混合层的深度，它控制了一年中大部分时间出现在中尺度前沿的可用势能的储量。大气强迫是低于中尺度形成的主要能源，但主要是通过混合层加深间接产生的。 （Fox-Kemper et al。，J Phys Oceanogr 38：1145-1165，2008）中建议的混合层不稳定性定标似乎成立，这表明即使在这个复杂且中等规模的地区，该参数化也是合适的。

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