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Modeling the morphodynamic response of tidal embayments to sea-level rise

机译：模拟潮汐潮汐对海平面上升的形态动力响应

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摘要

Sea-level rise has a strong influence on tidal systems, and a major focus of climate change effect studies is to predict the future state of these environmental systems. Here, we used a model to simulate the morphological evolution of tidal embayments and to explore their response to a rising sea level. The model was first used to reproduce the formation of channels and intertidal flats under a stable mean water level in an idealised and initially unchannelled tidal basin. A gradual rise in sea level was imposed once a well-developed channel network had formed. Simulations were conducted with different sea-level rise rates and tidal ranges. Sea-level rise forced headward erosion of the tidal channels, driving a landward expansion of the channel network and channel development in the previously non-inundated part of the basin. Simultaneously, an increase in channel drainage width in the lower part of the basin occurred and a decrease in the overall fraction of the basin occupied by channels could be observed. Sea-level rise thus altered important characteristics of the tidal channel network. Some intertidal areas were maintained despite a rising sea level. However, the size, shape, and location of the intertidal areas changed. In addition, sea-level rise affected the exchange of sediment between the different morphological elements. A shift from exporting to importing sediment as well as a reinforcement of the existing sediment export was observed for the simulations performed here. Sediment erosion in the inlet and the offshore transport of sediment was enhanced, resulting in the expansion of the ebb-tidal delta. Our model results further emphasise that tidal embayments can exhibit contrasting responses to sea-level rise.
机译：海平面上升对潮汐系统有很大的影响，气候变化影响研究的主要重点是预测这些环境系统的未来状态。在这里，我们使用了一个模型来模拟潮汐潮汐的形态演变，并探讨它们对海平面上升的反应。该模型首先用于在理想化且最初未开沟的潮汐盆地中，在稳定的平均水位下再现河道和潮间带的形成。一旦形成了发达的渠道网络，海平面就会逐渐升高。在不同的海平面上升率和潮汐范围内进行了模拟。海平面上升迫使潮汐河道向前方侵蚀，驱使河道网络向内扩张，并在该盆地先前未被淹没的部分发展了河道。同时，流域下部的流域排水宽度增加，流域所占的流域总面积减少。海平面上升因此改变了潮汐通道网络的重要特征。尽管海平面上升，但仍保留了一些潮间带。但是，潮间带区域的大小，形状和位置发生了变化。此外，海平面上升影响了不同形态元素之间的沉积物交换。对于此处执行的模拟，观察到了从沉积物向出口沉积物的转移以及对现有沉积物出口的强化。进水口的泥沙侵蚀和沉积物的近海输运增加，导致潮汐三角洲扩大。我们的模型结果进一步强调，潮汐阻滞可能对海平面上升表现出不同的响应。

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  • 来源
    《Ocean Dynamics》 |2013年第12期|1249-1262|共14页
  • 作者

    Barend van Maanen; Giovanni Coco; Karin R. Bryan; Carl T. Friedrichs;

  • 作者单位

    National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research">(1);

    EPOC Laboratory-UMR CNRS 5805 University of Bordeaux 1">(2);

    Faculty of Engineering and the Environment University of Southampton">(5);

    National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research">(1);

    Environmental Hydraulics Institute “IH Cantabria” Universidad de Cantabria">(3);

    Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences University of Waikato">(4);

    Virginia Institute of Marine Science College of William Mary">(6);

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Tidal embayments; Morphodynamics; Sea-level rise; Channel networks; Numerical modeling;

    机译：潮汐污染;形态动力学海平面上升;渠道网络;数值模拟;

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