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A numerical study on the role of atmospheric forcing on mixed layer depth variability in the Bay of Bengal using a regional ocean model

机译:大气强迫大气迫使孟加拉湾混合层深度变异性的数值研究

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This study investigates the role of driving atmospheric forces [winds, net heat flux, and evaporation-precipitation (E-P)] and the possible mechanisms on the mixed layer depth (MLD) spatiotemporal variability in the Bay of Bengal (BoB) using a finer-resolution (similar to 9 km) Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS). The model simulation is configured for 2004-2012 with initial and boundary conditions from Mercator Ocean data, atmospheric forcing from ECMWF, and climatological river input. Comparison with in situ observations shows that the model well produces the mean seasonal characteristics of MLD variability. Spatial correlations have been carried out between the atmospheric forces and MLD to determine the relative influence of these forces on the MLD variability. During the southwest monsoon, strong southwesterly wind plays a crucial role in deepening the MLD up to 80 m in the southern BoB. In winter, the decrease in net heat flux and the increase in positive E-P in the upper ocean deepen the MLD in the northern bay to a depth of similar to 60 m. However, the high density stratification in the northern BoB due to the large inflow of freshwater from various rivers limits the seasonality of MLD, particularly in the northern BoB. The positive correlation between E-P and MLD suggests that the advection of the freshwater plume by the southward East India Coastal Current (EICC) forms a thin mixed layer in the western BoB. The model results well captured the contrasting Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) years and reveal that the interannual variability of MLD seems to be connected to the IOD events in the BoB. The MLD is shallow during the positive phase of IOD (pIOD) in 2006, whereas the mean MLD is more profound (similar to 50 m) during the negative period of IOD (nIOD) in 2010. In pIOD years, the anomalous upwelling coastal Kelvin waves (KWs) propagate, reflect Rossby waves, and trigger upwelling to form a shallow MLD throughout the BoB. The positive net heat flux at the air-sea interface also plays a dominant role in the MLD shoaling in pIOD year, as shortwave radiation increases and exceeds the cooling effect of latent heat flux during this period.
机译:本研究调查了驾驶大气力量[风,净热量和蒸发 - 沉淀(EP)]的作用以及使用更精细的孟加拉(BOB)的混合层深度(MLD)时空变异性的可能机制分辨率(类似于9公里)区域海洋建模系统(ROM)。模型仿真配置为2004 - 2012年,初始和边界条件从Mercator海洋数据,来自Ecmwf的大气强制迫使,以及气候河投入。与原位观察的比较表明,模型良好地产生了MLD变异性的平均季节性特征。在大气力和MLD之间进行了空间相关性,以确定这些力对MLD变异性的相对影响。在西南季风期间,强大的西南风在南部鲍勃深化了80米的情况下发挥着至关重要的作用。在冬季,净热量减少和上海阳性E-P的增加将北部海湾的MLD加深到类似于60米的深度。然而,由于来自各种河流的大型淡水流入的北部鲍勃的高密度分层限制了MLD的季节性,特别是在北鲍勃。 E-P和MLD之间的正相关性认为,南方印度沿海电流(EICC)对淡水羽流的平流在西鲍勃中形成了薄的混合层。模型结果占据了印度海洋偶极(IOD)年的对比,并揭示了MLD的年平变异性似乎与鲍勃的IOD事件相连。在2006年IOD(PIED)的正阶段,MLD浅,而平均MLD在2010年IOD(NIOD)负面时期更加深刻(类似于50米)。在Piod岁月中,异常的上升沿海沿岸海克文波浪(kws)传播,反映罗斯比波,并触发上升围绕整个鲍勃的浅mld。空中海界面的正净热量通量也在PIOD年的MLD岩土中发挥着主导作用,因为短波辐射增加并超过了此期间潜热通量的冷却效果。

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