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On the modeling of wave-current interaction using the elliptic mild-slope wave equation

机译：用椭圆形缓坡波动方程建模波流相互作用

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Methods to incorporate the effect of ambient currents in the prediction of nearshore wave transformation are developed. This is accomplished through the construction of a finite-element coastal/harbor wave model based on an extended mild-slope wave-current equation that includes wave breaking. Improved boundary conditions are used to provide more accurate forcing and to minimize spurious wave reflections from the boundaries. Multiple nonlinear mechanisms, appearing both in the governing equations and in the boundary conditions, are handled successfully and efficiently with iterative techniques. The methods are tested against results from other types of models based on parabolic approximations or Boussinesq equations for three wave-current problems of common interest and varying complexity. While indicating good agreement in general, the analysis also highlights the limitations of parabolic approximation models in case of strong local currents and velocity shear. We also consider the harbor engineering problem pertaining to waves approaching an inlet with a jettied entrance, where wave-current interaction can create a complex wave pattern that adversely affects small craft navigation and causes scouring. The role of ebb and flood currents on wave transformation and on breaking in the vicinity of the inlet is investigated using the model in conjunction with hydraulic laboratory data. It is found that although the ebb currents cause larger waves outside the inlet, much of the wave energy is soon dissipated due to breaking; during the flood tide, in contrast, more wave energy can penetrate into the inlet throat.
机译：开发了将环境电流的影响纳入近岸波变换预测的方法。这是通过基于扩展的缓坡波电流方程（包括断波）构建有限元沿海/港口波模型来实现的。改进的边界条件用于提供更准确的作用力，并最小化来自边界的杂散波反射。利用迭代技术可以成功，有效地处理在控制方程和边界条件中都出现的多种非线性机制。根据抛物线近似或Boussinesq方程，针对其他三种具有共同利益和复杂性的波动问题，针对其他类型模型的结果对方法进行了测试。尽管总体上显示出良好的一致性，但该分析还强调了在强局部电流和速度剪切的情况下抛物线近似模型的局限性。我们还考虑了港口工程问题，这些问题与波浪进入具有喷射入口的进口有关，在波浪中，水流相互作用会产生复杂的波浪形，不利地影响小型航行器的航行并导致冲刷。使用该模型并结合水力实验室数据，研究了潮汐流的起伏和波动对入口附近波浪的影响。已经发现，尽管退潮电流在入口外部引起较大的波，但是由于破裂，波的能量很快就消散了。相比之下，在洪潮期间，更多的波能会渗入进水喉。

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