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OFFSHORE ENGINEERING

机译：海洋工程

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An offshore wind farm can be located close to traffic lanes of commercial and passenger ships, which may lead to possible collision. The work presented in this paper aims to understand both the crushing behaviour and the nacelle dynamics of a monopile offshore wind turbine when impacted by a ship. Another objective was to deeply investigate the influence of various parameters like ship impact velocity and location, wind direction, soil stiffness and deformability of the striking ship. First, nonlinear numerical simulations of ship - Offshore Wind Turbine (OWT) collisions have been carried out with a rigid striking ship for a better understanding of the OWT's structural behaviour during collision. Different configurations for the wind turbine's structure have been used in order to highlight the modifications in behaviour induced by changing the soil conditions or the loading scenario. The resulting resistant force and internal energies have been compared as well as the tower top (nacelle) displacements and accelerations. Then, another series of simulations have been performed with a deformable ship in order to investigate the influence of the deformability of the striking ship on the OWT's behaviour. It was shown that a slight variation of the impact velocity can lead to consequences ranging from minor damage of the OWT to collapse. Furthermore, the behaviour of the OWT during collision is highly sensitive to wind loads as it was shown that in some cases the OWT can collapse for an impact velocity of only 3 m/s and, in the worst case, can fall directly on the ship. The results obtained showed that it is important to account for the soil flexibility when performing collision simulations because considering the monopile as being clamped at the base would lead to an overestimation of the plastic deformation of the collided structure. Moreover, when the OWT is collided by a deformable striking ship, the deformations of the OWT are 2 times smaller comparing to the deformations caused by impact with a rigid ship and the structure can withstand collisions without collapsing with an impact velocity up to 6 m/s.
机译：海上风电场可能位于商船和客船的行车道附近，可能导致碰撞。本文提出的工作旨在了解单桩海上风力发电机在受到船舶撞击时的破碎行为和机舱动力学。另一个目标是深入研究各种参数的影响，例如船舶撞击速度和位置，风向，土壤刚度和打击船的可变形性。首先，已经对一艘刚性打击船进行了船舶-海上风轮机（OWT）碰撞的非线性数值模拟，以更好地了解OWT在碰撞过程中的结构行为。为了强调由改变土壤条件或负载情况引起的性能变化，已经使用了风力涡轮机结构的不同配置。比较了产生的阻力和内部能量，以及塔顶（机舱）的位移和加速度。然后，对变形船进行了另一系列的模拟，以研究打击船的变形性对OWT行为的影响。结果表明，冲击速度的微小变化会导致后果，从轻型卡车的轻微损坏到倒塌。此外，OWT在碰撞过程中的行为对风载荷高度敏感，因为它表明，在某些情况下，OWT可以以仅3 m / s的撞击速度崩溃，在最坏的情况下，可以直接掉落在船上。获得的结果表明，在进行碰撞模拟时，考虑土壤的柔韧性非常重要，因为将单桩视为固定在底部会导致高估碰撞结构的塑性变形。此外，当OWT被可变形的打击船碰撞时，OWT的变形比刚性船的碰撞所引起的变形小2倍，并且结构可以承受碰撞而不会塌陷，冲击速度高达6 m / s。

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    《Oceanographic Literature Review》 |2017年第1期|218-222|共5页
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