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Properties and processes

机译：属性和过程

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In order to identify and quantify intrinsic errors in the atmosphere-land and ocean-sea ice model components of the Community Earth System Model version 1 (CESM1) and their contributions to the tropical Atlantic sea surface temperature (SST) bias in CESM1, we propose a new method of diagnosis and apply it to a set of CESM1 simulations. Our analyses of the model simulations indicate that both the atmosphere-land and ocean-sea ice model components of CESM1 contain large errors in the tropical Atlantic. When the two model components are fully coupled, the intrinsic errors in the two components emerge quickly within a year with strong seasonality in their growth rates. In particular, the ocean-sea ice model contributes significantly in forcing the eastern equatorial Atlantic warm SST bias in early boreal summer. Further analysis shows that the upper ther-mocline water underneath the eastern equatorial Atlantic surface mixed layer is too warm in a stand-alone ocean-sea ice simulation of CESM1 forced with observed surface flux fields, suggesting that the mixed layer cooling associated with the entrainment of upper thermocline water is too weak in early boreal summer. Therefore, although we acknowledge the potential importance of the westerly wind bias in the western equatorial Atlantic and the low-level stratus cloud bias in the southeastern tropical Atlantic, both of which originate from the atmosphere-land model, we emphasize here that solving those problems in the atmosphere-land model alone does not resolve the equatorial Atlantic warm bias in CESM1.
机译：为了识别和量化社区地球系统模型版本1（CESM1）的大气-陆地和海洋-海冰模型组成部分的内在误差，以及它们对CESM1中热带大西洋海表温度（SST）偏差的贡献，我们建议一种新的诊断方法，并将其应用于一组CESM1仿真。我们对模型仿真的分析表明，CESM1的大气-陆地和海洋-海冰模型组成部分在热带大西洋中均包含较大的误差。当两个模型组件完全耦合时，两个组件的固有误差会在一年内迅速出现，并且其增长率具有很强的季节性。特别是，海洋-海冰模型在强迫北半球夏季初出现赤道东大西洋暖海温方面有重大贡献。进一步的分析表明，在独立的CESM1海洋海冰模拟中，在观测到的表面通量场的作用下，赤道东大西洋地表混合层下面的上层摩西水太热，表明混合层的冷却与夹带有关北方夏季初，较高的温跃层水太弱。因此，尽管我们承认赤道西风偏西和东南热带大西洋低层层云偏向的潜在重要性，这两者均源于大气-土地模型，但我们在此强调解决这些问题单凭大气-陆模型就不能解决CESM1中的赤道大西洋暖偏。

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    《Oceanographic Literature Review》 |2016年第2期|246-248|共3页
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