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Regional And General

机译：区域和一般

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We studied sexual and habitat-specific variation in herbivores' host exploitation patterns and tested for a hypothesis on sex-specific adaptation in replicated landscapes. The hypothesis has not to our knowledge been previously tested either in a marine environment or for the host exploitation traits of an herbivore. The hypothesis states, first, that populations may show different adaptations due to spatially differing selective environments, and second, that males and females that differ ecologically (e.g. in reproductive behavior, in host use patterns) will respond to selective environments in distinct ways. We investigated possible differences in the host exploitation patterns of the marine generalist crustacean grazer Idotea baltica between the sexes or among populations originating from different habitats: plant assemblages dominated by either a brown alga or an angiosperm species. We determined the preferences for both the structure and nutritive quality of five common host species and compared these to the actual performance on the hosts. We found that performance on the hosts differed between the sexes and differently so in the two habitat types, supporting the hypothesis of sex-specific adaptation between distinct selective environments. Habitat-specific preference for the structural host further supported ecological divergence between habitat types. The different approaches for testing host exploitation resulted in a very different rank order of the hosts, indicating the complexity of the factors involved. The herbivore differentiates for the chemical quality of the hosts, but this alone does not explain host exploitation; rather it supports the theory of enemy-free space as a determinant of host choice. We also discuss the chemical characteristics of the host associated with the exploitation patterns found.
机译：我们研究了草食动物宿主开发模式中的性和栖息地特定变异，并测试了复制景观中性别特定适应的假设。据我们所知，该假设先前尚未在海洋环境或食草动物的宿主开发特征中进行过检验。该假设指出，首先，由于空间上不同的选择环境，种群可能显示出不同的适应力;其次，生态上不同的男性和女性（例如生殖行为，宿主使用方式）将以不同的方式对选择环境做出反应。我们调查了性别不同或源自不同栖息地的种群之间海洋通体甲壳类动物放牧者波多黎各的寄主开发模式之间的可能差异：以褐藻或被子植物为主导的植物组合。我们确定了对五个常见寄主物种的结构和营养品质的偏好，并将这些偏好与寄主的实际性能进行了比较。我们发现宿主的表现在性别之间有所不同，在两种生境类型中也有所不同，这支持了不同选择性环境之间的性别特异性适应的假设。生境对结构宿主的偏好进一步支持了生境类型之间的生态差异。测试主机利用的不同方法导致主机的等级顺序非常不同，表明所涉及因素的复杂性。食草动物因宿主的化学品质而异，但这仅不能解释宿主的利用。相反，它支持无敌空间理论作为决定主机选择的因素。我们还将讨论与发现的开发模式相关的宿主的化学特征。

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    《Oceanographic Literature Review》 |2009年第3期|582-583|共2页
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