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Commercial species

机译：商业物种

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Historical marine ecology has shown that many exploited animal populations declined before their abundance was quantified by scientists. This situation applies for autumn-spawning herring (Clupea harengus) in the Baltic Sea. This stock used to be the dominant spawning group of herring in the early decades of the 1900s and supported several commercially important fisheries, including in the Gulf of Riga (GoR). However, the GoR stock declined during the 1960-1970s and has not recovered. Neither the former biomass nor reasons for its decline are known. Here, we recover and analyse historical fishery and biological data and conduct population development simulations to evaluate the hypothesis that exploitation may have been sufficient to lead the stock towards commercial extinction. We found that the estimated exploitation pattern, including exploitation of juveniles, was unsustainable and led to stock decline. The pattern of exploitation of this stock was consistent with that which caused collapses of other herring stocks, which have since recovered. If autumn-spawning herring in the GoR recovers, our findings indicate that this stock could support sustainable annual yields of 4000 t and diversify the fishery resource base, which is presently restricted to a relatively small number of species for essentially local coastal inhabitants.
机译：历史海洋生态表明，在科学家量化的丰富量化之前，许多被剥削的动物人口下降。这种情况适用于波罗的海的秋天产卵鲱鱼（Clupea Harengus）。这批股票曾经是20世纪初的几十年中鲱鱼的主导产卵小组，并支持几个商业上重要的渔业，包括在里加湾（Gor）。然而，在1960年至1970年代，GOR股票下降，尚未康复。既不知道前者生物量也不是下降的原因。在这里，我们恢复和分析历史渔业和生物数据，并进行人口发展模拟，以评估利用可能足以引领股票对商业灭绝的假设。我们发现，包括利用少年的估计剥削模式是不可持续的，并导致股票下降。这股股票的开发模式与引起其他鲱鱼股的坍塌符合，这已经恢复了。如果秋季产卵鲱鱼在GOR REVOVER中，我们的调查结果表明，这款库存可以支持4000吨的可持续年产量，并使渔业资源基础多样化，目前仅限于基本当地沿海居民的相对较少的物种。

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    《Oceanographic Literature Review》 |2019年第4期|897-904|共8页
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