Development of video electronic monitoring systems to record Smalltooth sawfish, pristis pectinata, interactions in the shrimp trawl fisheries of the southeastern United States, with application to other protected species and large bycatches

H.E. Moncrief- Cox; J.K. Carlson; G.S. Norris

摘要

The National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) began placing at-sea observers on commercial shrimping (Penaeidae and Sicyo-nia brevirostris) vessels in the early 1990's in the southeastern region of the United States (U.S.) to identify and minimize the impacts of shrimp trawling on federally managed species. Recent analysis of bycatch data relative to smalltooth sawfish, Pristis pectinata, a species endangered globally, indicated a high level of uncertainty in the estimated take in the U.S. Due to costs associated with observer coverage, and given the rare event of capturing a smalltooth sawfish, increasing observer coverage to refine take estimates of this species is not considered practical. We explored the use of electronic monitoring (EM) to provide a valid alternative to increased observer coverage for the purpose of documenting fishery interactions with smalltooth sawfish. This system was additionally used to document interactions with other protected species and large teleost and elasmobranch bycatches (＞ 1.0 kg). While no smalltooth sawfish were observed, the catch and safe release of a loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, was recorded by both the EM system and observer. The EM system was used to record commercial shrimp vessel operations during six trips, encompassing 1,733 h of video over 94 sea days, with a certified fishery observer also being present for the full duration of each trip. Catch composition documented by the EM reviewer was compared to observer data. Overall, 20 tows contained a total of 33 bycatch items in the observer sample that met criteria of being over 1.0 kg. Of these catch items, 87.9% were also detected by the EM reviewer compared to observer data. Detection rates for elasmobranchs were higher in comparison to teleosts, at 95.8%. Pairwise comparison of EM video to data collected by onboard observers (animals ＞1.0 kg in size) lead us to conclude that EM would be an effective tool for detecting protected resources and larger fauna interactions in the Gulf of Mexico shrimp trawl fishery.

机译：国家海洋渔业服务（NMFS）开始在美国（美国）东南部地区的20世纪90年代初，在20世纪90年代初的商业捕捞（Penaeidae和Syiceo-Nia Brevirostris）船上的海上观察员，以确定和尽量减少虾拖拉的影响关于联邦管理的物种。最近分析了相对于Smalltooth Sawfish，Pristis Pectinata的兼容斑块，一种濒临灭绝的物种，在全球濒临灭绝的物种，由于与观察者报道相关的成本，美国的估计需要的高度不确定性，并且给出了捕获少量锯木儿的罕见事件，提高观察者覆盖，以提取这种物种的估计不被认为是实际的。我们探讨了使用电子监控（EM）来提供有效的替代方案，以增加观察者覆盖范围，以便记录与SmarkTooth Savfish的渔业相互作用。该系统另外用于记录与其他受保护物种和大型电源和Elasmobranch Bycatches（> 1.0 kg）的相互作用。虽然没有观察到小型锯木鱼，但是，Loggerhead海龟，Caretta Caretta的捕获和安全释放被EM系统和观察者记录。 EM系统用于在六次旅行期间记录商业虾船舶操作，包括超过94个海洋的视频的1,733小时，并且还有一个经过认证的渔业观察者，也存在每次旅行的全部持续时间。将EM Reviewer记录的Catch组成与观察者数据进行比较。总体而言，20次差异在观察者样本中总共包含33项拟议标准超过1.0公斤的标准。与观察者数据相比，EM Reviewer也检测到这些捕获物品，87.9％。与电视相比，Elasmobranchs的检测率较高，95.8％。将EM视频与船上观察者收集的数据进行成对比较（大小的动物> 1.0千克）引导我们得出结论，EM将是检测受保护资源和墨西哥湾拖网船舶湾的受保护资源和更大动物互动的有效工具。

Development of video electronic monitoring systems to record Smalltooth sawfish, pristis pectinata, interactions in the shrimp trawl fisheries of the southeastern United States, with application to other protected species and large bycatches

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