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首页> 外文期刊>Oceanography >A Question of Scale How Turbulence Around Aerial Roots Shapes the Seabed Morphology in Mangrove Forests of the Mekong Delta
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A Question of Scale How Turbulence Around Aerial Roots Shapes the Seabed Morphology in Mangrove Forests of the Mekong Delta

机译：湄公河三角洲红树林中气根周围湍流如何塑造海床形态的尺度问题

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摘要

Mangrove forests are highly productive ecosystems that provide many physical, societal, and ecological services in tropical and subtropical regions. Accurate prediction of the morphological evolution for these areas, in the face of global sea level rise and changes in sediment supply, requires understanding of interactions between vegetation growth, water flows, and sediment transport. Data presented from a waveexposed mangrove forest in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam, include unique measurements that resolved water flows in and around the aerial mangrove roots (known as pneumatophores) over scales from a few millimeters to hundreds of meters. Flows were highly turbulent, with turbulence values sometimes as large as those measured in surf zones. These energetic processes appear to stir up sediments, with small scour troughs observed around individual pneumatophores, and larger-scale scour around clusters of pneumatophores. The vegetation fringe (the boundary between forest and mudflat) was a particularly dynamic area, with elevated turbulence levels, greater vegetation densities, coarser sediments, and occasional wave breaking. Intense turbulent dissipation at the fringe then reduces the energy of shoreward-propagating waves, sheltering the forest interior. The small-scale processes appear to be linked with forest-wide patterns of sediment transport and deposition. We discuss these links in the context of the biophysical interactions that control the changing shapes of deltas worldwide.
机译：红树林是高产的生态系统，可在热带和亚热带地区提供许多物理，社会和生态服务。在全球海平面上升和沉积物供应变化的情况下，要准确预测这些地区的形态演变，就需要了解植被生长，水流和沉积物运输之间的相互作用。越南湄公河三角洲的一个暴露于红波的红树林提供的数据包括独特的测量结果，这些数据可以解析从几毫米到几百米不等的空中红树林根部（称为气穴）的水流。气流高度湍流，湍流值有时与在冲浪区测得的湍流值一样大。这些高能过程似乎搅动了沉积物，在单个肺炎线虫周围观察到小的冲刷谷，而在肺炎线虫团簇附近观察到更大范围的冲刷。植被边缘（森林与滩涂之间的边界）是一个特别活跃的区域，湍流水平升高，植被密度更高，沉积物较粗，偶尔会发生波浪破裂。边缘强烈的湍流消散然后减少了向岸传播的波浪的能量，遮盖了森林内部。小规模的过程似乎与全森林的沉积物运输和沉积方式有关。我们在控制地球三角洲变化形状的生物物理相互作用的背景下讨论这些联系。

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