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Ocean Salinity and the Global Water Cycle

机译:海洋盐度与全球水循环

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摘要

Alterations to the global water cycle are of concern as Earth's climate changes. Although policymakers are mainly interested in changes to terrestrial rainfall-where, when, and how much it's going to rain-the largest component of the global water cycle operates over the ocean where nearly all of Earth's free water resides. Approximately 80% of Earth's surface freshwater fluxes occur over the ocean; its surface salinity responds to changing evaporation and precipitation patterns by displaying salty or fresh anomalies. The salinity field integrates sporadic surface fluxes over time, and after accounting for ocean circulation and mixing, salinity changes resulting from long-term alterations to surface evaporation and precipitation are evident. Thus, ocean salinity measurements can provide insights into water-cycle operation and its long-term change. Although poor observational coverage and an incomplete view of the interaction of all water-cycle components limits our understanding, climate models are beginning to provide insights that are complementing observations. This new information suggests that the global water cycle is rapidly intensifying.
机译:随着地球气候的变化,全球水循环的变化令人关注。尽管政策制定者主要对陆地降雨的变化感兴趣,包括何时何地降雨以及降雨的数量,但全球水循环的最大组成部分是在海洋上运作,而地球上几乎所有的自由水都在这里居住。地球表面约80%的淡水通量产生于海洋之上。它的表面盐度通过显示咸的或新鲜的异常来响应不断变化的蒸发和降水模式。盐度场随时间积分了零星的表面通量,并且在考虑了海洋环流和混合之后,由于长期改变表面蒸发和降水而导致的盐度变化是明显的。因此,海洋盐度测量可以提供有关水循环运行及其长期变化的见解。尽管较差的观测范围和对所有水循环成分相互作用的不完整了解限制了我们的理解,但气候模型开始提供补充观测的见解。这些新信息表明,全球水循环正在迅速加剧。

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  • 来源
    《Oceanography》 |2015年第1期|20-31|共12页
  • 作者

    Durack Paul J.;

  • 作者单位

    Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Program Climate Model Diag & Intercomparison, Livermore, CA 94550 USA;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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