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Response of Photosynthesis to Ocean Acidification

机译:光合作用对海洋酸化的响应

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摘要

All phytoplankton and higher plants perform photosynthesis, where carbon dioxide is incorporated into biomass during cell growth. Ocean acidification (OA) has the potential to affect photosynthetic kinetics due to increasing seawater pCO(2) levels and lower pH. The effects of increased CO, are difficult to predict because some species utilize carbon concentrating mechanisms that buffer their sensitivity to ambient CO, levels and require variable energy investments. Here, we discuss the current state of knowledge about the effects of increased CO2 on photosynthesis across marine photosynthetic taxa from cyanobacteria and single-celled eukaryotes to marine macrophytes. The analysis shows that photosynthetic responses to OA are relatively small for most investigated species and highly variable throughout taxa. This could suggest that the photosynthetic benefits of high CO2 are minor relative to the cell's overall energy and material balances, or that the benefit to photosynthesis is counteracted by other negative effects, such as possible respiratory costs from low pH. We conclude with recommendations for future research directions, such as probing how other physiological processes respond to OA, the effects of multiple stressors, and the potential evolutionary outcomes of longterm growth under ocean acidification.
机译:所有的浮游植物和高等植物都进行光合作用,其中二氧化碳在细胞生长过程中被掺入生物质中。海洋酸化(OA)由于增加海水pCO(2)水平和降低pH值,可能会影响光合作用动力学。由于某些物种利用碳浓缩机制来缓冲其对环境CO浓度,水平的敏感性并需要可变的能源投资,因此难以预测CO升高的影响。在这里,我们讨论有关增加的CO2对从蓝藻和单细胞真核生物到海洋大型植物的海洋光合生物类群光合作用的影响的当前知识状态。分析表明,对于大多数调查物种而言,对OA的光合作用响应相对较小,并且在整个分类单元中变化很大。这可能表明,相对于细胞的整体能量和物质平衡,高CO2的光合作用益处微不足道,或者光合作用的益处还被其他负面影响抵消,例如低pH值可能带来的呼吸成本。我们以未来研究方向的建议作为结尾,例如探讨其他生理过程如何对OA产生反应,多种应激源的作用以及海洋酸化下长期生长的潜在进化结果。

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  • 来源
    《Oceanography》 |2015年第2期|74-91|共18页
  • 作者单位

    Univ Calif Irvine, Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA;

    Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Biol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA|Michigan State Univ, BEACON Ctr Study Evolut Act, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA;

    Princeton Univ, Dept Geosci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA;

    Florida State Univ, Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA;

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