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Hovercraft as a Mobile Science Platform Over Sea Ice in the Arctic Ocean

机译：气垫船作为北冰洋海冰上的移动科学平台

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摘要

Physical sampling of sea ice, the water mass, and subbottom geology in the Arctic Ocean is carried out from icebreakers or temporary ice camps deployed and supported by aircraft. Here, we consider an air-cushion vehicle as an alternative polar research platform to achieve self-contained operation and mobility at low operating cost. We report on five seasons of operating a hovercraft equipped as a polar research vessel with the capability to acquire geological samples and take geophysical and oceanographic measurements along with underway measurements of ice thickness. Long-distance mobility over first-year ice in the Transpolar Drift was put to the test in 2012. Considering only the time spent driving, we maintained a speed of 5-7 knots and had to travel a distance that was 1.3 times the great circle route, with an effective hover height of 0.5 m. Ice surface contrast is critical to efficient hovercraft operations in the polar pack ice. A research hovercraft can operate autonomously, serve as a temporary ice drift station, or operate jointly with an icebreaker. The fuel budget for a full year of daily hovercraft operation is consumed in a single day by a diesel-driven icebreaker.
机译：北冰洋的海冰，水团和海底地质的物理采样是从破冰船或由飞机部署并支持的临时冰场进行的。在这里，我们将气垫车视为极地研究平台，以较低的运营成本实现自给自足的操作和机动性。我们报告了气垫船作为极地研究船装备的五个季节，这些气垫船具有采集地质样品，进行地球物理和海洋学测量以及进行冰厚测量的能力。 2012年，“极地漂流”在第一年冰上的长距离机动性进行了测试。仅考虑驾驶所花费的时间，我们保持5-7节的速度，行驶距离是大圆的1.3倍路线，有效悬停高度为0.5 m。冰面对比度对于极地浮冰中有效的气垫船操作至关重要。研究型气垫船可以自主运行，可以用作临时的冰上漂移站，也可以与破冰船一起运行。柴油驱动的破冰船在一天之内消耗掉了整整一年的气垫船日常运行的燃料预算。

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  • 来源
    《Oceanography》 |2014年第2期|170-179|共10页
  • 作者

    YNGVE KRISTOFFERSEN; JOHN K. HALL;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Earth Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway, and Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Centre, Bergen, Norway;

    Geological Survey of Israel, Jerusalem, Israel;

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