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首页> 外文期刊>Oceanography >Eruption of South Sarigan Seamount, Northern Mariana Islands: Insights into Hazards from Submarine Volcanic Eruptions
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Eruption of South Sarigan Seamount, Northern Mariana Islands: Insights into Hazards from Submarine Volcanic Eruptions

机译：北马里亚纳群岛南撒里根海山的喷发：对海底火山爆发的危害的认识

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The eruption of South Sarigan Seamount in the southern Mariana arc in May 2010 is a reminder of how little we know about the hazards associated with submarine explosive eruptions or how to predict these types of eruptions. Monitored by local seismometers and distant hydrophones, the eruption from ～ 200 m water depth produced a gas and ash plume that breached the sea surface and rose ～12 km into the atmosphere. This is one of the first instances for which a wide range of pre-and post-eruption observations allow characterization of such an event on a shallow submarine volcanic arc volcano. Comparison of bathymetric surveys before and after the eruptions of the South Sarigan Seamount reveals the eruption produced a 350 m diameter crater, deeply breached on the west side, and a broad apron downslope with deposits ＞ 50 m thick. The breached summit crater formed within a pre-eruption dome-shaped summit composed of andesite lavas. Dives with the Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology Hyper-Dolphin remotely operated vehicle sampled the wall of the crater and the downslope deposits, which consist of andesite lava blocks lying on pumiceous gravel and sand. Chemical analyses show that the andesite pumice is probably juvenile material from the eruption. The unexpected eruption of this seamount, one of many poorly studied shallow seamounts of comparable size along the Mariana and other volcanic arcs, underscores our lack of understanding of submarine hazards associated with submarine volcanism.
机译：2010年5月，南马里亚纳弧线的南撒利根海山喷发，提醒我们对与海底爆炸性喷发有关的危害或如何预测这些类型的喷发知之甚少。在当地地震仪和远处的水听器的监视下，水深约200 m处的喷发产生了瓦斯和灰烬羽，它冲破了海面并上升到大气中约〜12 km。这是在喷发前和喷发后的大量观测结果可以表征浅海底火山弧火山上此类事件的首例之一。比较南撒利根海山爆发之前和之后的水深测量结果表明，这次喷发产生了一个直径350 m的火山口，在西侧被严重破坏，并形成了一个宽围裙的下坡，沉积物＞ 50 m厚。破裂的山顶火山口形成在由安山岩熔岩组成的喷发前圆顶形山顶内。与日本海洋地球科学技术局的潜水队一起从超海豚遥控船上采样了火山口和下坡沉积物的壁面，这些沉积物由安山岩熔岩砌块组成，位于火山灰砾石和沙子上。化学分析表明，安山岩浮石可能是喷发的幼物质。该海山的意外喷发是沿马里亚纳河和其他火山弧沿线许多类似规模浅层海山的研究不足，这突显了我们对与海底火山作用有关的海底灾害的认识不足。

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  • 来源
    《Oceanography》 |2014年第2期|24-31|共8页
  • 作者

    ROBERT W. EMBLEY; YOSHIHIKO TAMURA; SUSAN G. MERLE; TOMOKI SATO; OSAMU ISHIZUKA; WILLIAM W. CHADWICK JR.; DOUGLAS A. WIENS; PATRICK SHORE; ROBERT J. STERN;

  • 作者单位

    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, Newport, OR, USA;

    Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Japan;

    Cooperative Institute for Marine Resources Studies, Oregon State University, Newport, OR, USA;

    JAMSTEC, Yokosuka, Japan;

    Geological Survey of Japan of the Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Agency, Tsukuba, Japan, and Visiting Senior Scientist, JAMSTEC, Yokosuka, Japan;

    Cooperative Institute for Marine Resources Studies, Oregon State University, Newport, OR, USA;

    Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA;

    Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA;

    University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA;

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