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Sea Ice Monitoring by Synthetic Aperture Radar

机译：合成孔径雷达监测海冰

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摘要

Satellite-borne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data are highly valuable not only for observing the open ocean but also for monitoring seasonally or permanently ice-covered ocean regions in the Arctic, Antarctic, and other areas such as the Baltic Sea, the Bohai Sea, or the Sea of Okhotsk. Fundamentals of sea ice monitoring by SAR that address the following questions are introduced: Which sea ice properties influence the radar backscattering signal directly? Which geophysical sea ice parameters are retrieved from SAR images? Important fields of recent sea ice observation activities, such as ice type classification, ice drift retrieval, and melt detection, are described. Modern satellite sensor technologies offer possibilities for significant improvements of retrieval methods, especially for more complex tasks of sea ice monitoring such as determination of ice thickness. These technologies cover enhancements of the SAR instruments themselves (multipolarization and multifrequency systems), modified mission designs (satellite constellations), and the combined use of different passive and active sensors operated in the optical, thermal, and microwave regimes.
机译：卫星合成孔径雷达（SAR）数据不仅对观测远洋非常有用，而且对于监测北极，南极和波罗的海，渤海等其他地区的季节性或永久性冰雪覆盖的海洋地区也非常有价值。或鄂霍次克海。介绍了SAR监测海冰的基本知识，它解决了以下问题：哪些海冰特性直接影响雷达的反向散射信号？从SAR图像中检索到哪些地球物理海冰参数？描述了近期海冰观测活动的重要领域，如冰类型分类，冰漂移检索和融化检测。现代卫星传感器技术为检索方法的显着改进提供了可能性，尤其是对于更复杂的海冰监测任务（例如确定冰厚度）而言。这些技术涵盖了SAR仪器本身的增强（多极化和多频系统），改进的任务设计（卫星星座）以及在光学，热学和微波领域中组合使用的各种无源和有源传感器的组合。

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  • 来源
    《Oceanography》 |2013年第2期|100-111|共12页
  • 作者

    WOLFGANG DIERKING;

  • 作者单位

    Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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