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Internal Waves on the Washington Continental Shelf

机译：华盛顿大陆架上的内浪

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The low-frequency oceanography of the Washington continental shelf has been studied in great detail over the last several decades owing in part to its high productivity but relatively weak upwelling winds compared to other systems. Interestingly, though many internal wave-resolving measurements have been made, there have been no reports on the regions internal wave climate and the possible feedbacks between internal waves and lower-frequency processes. This paper reports observations over two summers obtained from a new observing system of two moorings and a glider on the Washington continental shelf, with a focus on internal waves and their relationships to lower-frequency currents, stratification, dissolved oxygen, and nutrient distributions. We observe a rich, variable internal wave field that appears to be modulated in part by a coastal jet and its response to the region's frequent wind reversals. The internal wave spectral level at intermediate frequencies is consistent with the model spectrum of Levine (2002) developed for continental shelves. Superimposed on this continuum are (1) a strong but highly temporally variable semidiurnal internal tide field and (2) an energetic field of high-frequency nonlinear internal waves (NLIWs). Mean semidiurnal energy flux is about 80 W m~(-1) to the north-northeast. The onshore direction of the flux and its lack of a strong springeap cycle suggest it is at least partly generated remotely. Nonlinear wave amplitudes reach 38 m in 100 m of water, making them among the strongest observed on continental shelves of similar depth. They often occur each 12.4 hours, clearly linking them to the tide. Like the internal tide energy flux, the NLIWs are also directed toward the north-northeast. However, their phasing is not constant with respect to either the baroclinic or barotropic currents, and their amplitude is uncorrelated with either internal-tide energy flux or barotropic tidal forcing, suggesting substantial modulation by the low-frequency currents and stratification.
机译：在过去的几十年中，对华盛顿大陆架的低频海洋学进行了详细的研究，部分原因是其生产率高，但与其他系统相比上升风相对较弱。有趣的是，尽管已经进行了许多内部波分辨测量，但是还没有关于该地区内部波气候以及内部波与低频过程之间可能的反馈的报道。本文报告了在两个夏季从新的观测系统获得的观测结果，该观测系统由两个系泊设备和一个位于华盛顿州大陆架上的滑翔机组成，重点关注内波及其与低频电流，分层，溶解氧和营养物分布的关系。我们观察到了一个丰富的，可变的内部波场，该波场似乎部分受到沿海喷气机及其对该地区频繁逆风的响应的调制。中频处的内部波谱水平与为大陆架开发的Levine（2002）的模型谱一致。在此连续体上叠加有（1）一个强的但随时间变化的半日内潮场和（2）一个高频非线性内波（NLIWs）的能量场。东北偏北平均半日能量通量约为80 W m〜（-1）。通量的陆上方向及其缺乏强力的弹簧/小睡周期表明它至少部分是远程产生的。非线性波振幅在100 m的水中达到38 m，使其成为在类似深度的大陆架上观测到的最强波。它们通常每12.4个小时发生一次，因此很明显将它们与潮汐联系起来。像内部潮汐能通量一样，NLIW也指向东北北部。然而，它们相对于斜压或正压电流的相位不是恒定的，并且它们的振幅与内潮能通量或正压潮汐力都不相关，这表明低频电流和分层会产生实质性的调制。

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  • 来源
    《Oceanography》 |2012年第2期|p.66-79|共14页
  • 作者

    Matthew H. Alford; John B. Mickett; Shuang Zhang; Parker MacCready; Zhongxiang Zhao; Jan Newton;

  • 作者单位

    School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA;

    Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA;

    Applied Physics Laboratory, School of Oceanography, University of Washington,Seattle, WA, USA;

    University of Washington, Seattle, WA,USA;

    Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA;

    Applied Physics Laboratory, School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA;

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