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The Amundsen Sea and the Antarctic Ice Sheet

机译：阿蒙森海和南极冰盖

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摘要

A few decades ago, Antarctic ice sheets were expected to grow as the atmosphere warmed and increasing poleward moisture transport added snowfall to regions that would remain below freezing year-round. Concerns about their sensitivity to climate change were centered on air temperature and on glacially paced ice dynamics. Southern Ocean roles were relegated to iceberg transport, a mix of melting and freezing under ice shelves buffered by the frigid shelf waters generated by sea ice production, and slow sea level rise by other forcing. At that time, observations were lacking in the remote Amundsen Sea, where difficult ice conditions have vexed explorers for more than 200 years. Mapping of its ocean structure and circulation began in 1994, revealing that "warm" Circumpolar Deep Water has access to its continental shelf. Glacially scoured troughs in the seafloor provide conduits for that seawater to melt regional ice shelves far more rapidly near their deep grounding lines. Coincident satellite data showed the ice shelves were thinning, in turn leading to accelerated glacier flow and loss of grounded ice to the sea. Repeated measurements and modeling suggest ocean changes that could impact the stability of the marine-based West Antarctic Ice Sheet.
机译：几十年前，随着大气变暖，南极冰盖预计会增长，而极向水汽传输的增加将使全年降雪的地区降雪。人们对它们对气候变化的敏感性的担忧集中在气温和冰川起伏的冰动力学上。南大洋的作用主要集中在冰山运输，冰架下融化和冻结的混合，以及由海冰生产所产生的寒冷的架子水缓冲，以及其他强迫作用导致的缓慢海平面上升。当时，在偏远的阿蒙森海缺乏观测，那里的艰难冰雪条件困扰着勘探者200多年。 1994年开始绘制海洋结构和环流图，表明“温暖的”绕极深水已经进入了其大陆架。海底的冰刷槽为海水提供了导管，使海水在深层接地线附近更快地融化。巧合的卫星数据显示，冰架正在变薄，进而导致冰川加速流动，并使碎冰流失到大海。重复的测量和建模表明，海洋变化可能会影响以海洋为基础的西南极冰原的稳定性。

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  • 来源
    《Oceanography》 |2012年第3期|p.154-163|共10页
  • 作者

    STAN JACOBS; ADRIAN JENKINS; HARTMUT HELLMER; CLAUDIA GIULIVI; FRANK NITSCHE; BRUCE HUBER; RAUL GUERRERO;

  • 作者单位

    Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY, USA;

    British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, UK;

    Alfred-Wegener-lnstitute, Bremerhaven, Germany;

    Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY, USA;

    Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY, USA;

    Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY, USA;

    Physical Oceanography Program, Instituto National Investigation Desarrollo Pesquero, Mar del Plata, Argentina;

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