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Water Column Seismic Images as Maps of Temperature Gradient

机译：水柱地震图像作为温度梯度图

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摘要

Multichannel seismic imaging of ocean water column features is a new interdisciplinary study that may become an accepted oceanographic tool in coming years. We now know that reflectors are associated with water column thermohaline fine structures such as internal waves and intrusions (on a scale of～ 10-50 m) associated with ocean mixing, and also that the images outline larger-scale oceanographic features such as currents, water-mass boundaries, eddies, meddies, and fronts. The synopticity and detail showing the relationships between mesoscale and fine-scale features promises improved insight into the processes that cascade energy from mesoscales to mixing scales.rnIn order to trust a new tool, oceanographers require a quantitative understanding of how the new tool acts upon physical properties to yield a final result. We explain the basic principles of multichannel seismics, and show that the imaging process can be viewed as a filtering operation acting on the acoustic impedance field, which, on the scales that matter, is primarily (but not completely) associated with temperature variations. Synthetic seismic images show the derivative of acoustic impedance, averaged over the resolution scale of the acoustic source wavelet-they are, aside from side-lobe effects, essentially smoothed maps of temperature gradient. We use a conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) trace from the periphery of a meddy to estimate the contribution of thermal (83%) and saline (17%) anomalies to a synthetic seismic trace, and then use multiple CTD traces from the same data set to construct a synthetic seismic image. This synthetic image compares favorably to a real seismic image of a different meddy with important differences that can be ascribed to the higher lateral resolution of the seismic technique.
机译：海洋水柱特征的多通道地震成像是一项新的跨学科研究，可能会在未来几年成为公认的海洋学工具。现在我们知道，反射器与水柱热盐层精细结构有关，例如与海洋混合有关的内部波浪和侵入（约10-50 m的尺度），而且这些图像勾勒出更大范围的海洋学特征，例如洋流，水质边界，涡流，介质和前沿。显示中尺度和精细尺度特征之间关系的同质性和细节保证了对从中尺度到混合尺度的能量级联过程的深入了解。为了信任新工具，海洋学家需要对新工具如何作用于物理上有定量的了解。属性以产生最终结果。我们解释了多通道地震的基本原理，并表明成像过程可以看作是作用于声阻抗场的滤波操作，而声阻抗场在重要的尺度上主要（但不完全）与温度变化有关。合成地震图像显示了在声源小波分辨率尺度上平均的声阻抗导数，除了旁瓣效应外，它们还具有基本平滑的温度梯度图。我们使用来自药物外围的电导率-温度-深度（CTD）迹线来估计热（83％）和盐（17％）异常对合成地震迹线的贡献，然后使用同一条迹线中的多个CTD迹线数据集以构建合成地震图像。该合成图像可以很好地与具有不同差异的不同药物的真实地震图像进行比较，这可以归因于地震技术的更高横向分辨率。

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  • 来源
    《Oceanography》 |2008年第4期|192-205|共14页
  • 作者

    BARRY RUDDICK; HAIBIN SONG; CHONGZHI DONG; LUIS PINHEIRO;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Oceanography, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada;

    Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing China;

    Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;

    Departamento de Geociencias and Center for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal;

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