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首页> 外文期刊>Oceanography >Contributions of Scientific Ocean Drilling to Understanding the Emplacement of Submarine LARGE IGNEOUS PROVINCES and Their Effects on the Environment
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Contributions of Scientific Ocean Drilling to Understanding the Emplacement of Submarine LARGE IGNEOUS PROVINCES and Their Effects on the Environment

机译：科学海洋钻探对了解海底大省的进驻及其对环境的影响的贡献

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摘要

The Ontong Java Plateau (OJP), Shatsky Rise (SR), and Kerguelen Plateau/Broken Ridge (KP/BR) represent three large igneous provinces (LIPs) located in oceanic settings. The basement lavas have been investigated through scientific ocean drilling and, in the case of the OJP, fieldwork on the emergent obducted portions of the plateau in the Solomon Islands. Such studies show that these three LIPs have very different characteristics. For example, the KP/BR still has an active hotspot, whereas the OJP and the SR do not. The OJP is remarkable in its compositional monotony across the plateau (the Kwaimbaita geochemical type), with minor compositional variation found at the margins (the Kroenke, Singgalo, and Wairahito types). Shatsky Rise shows more compositional variation and, like the OJP, has a dominant lava type (termed the "normal" type) in the early stages (Tamu Massif), but subsequent eruptions at the Ori and Shirshov massifs comprise isotopically and trace element enriched lavas, likely reflecting a change in mantle source over time. The KP/BR has highly variable basement lava compositions, ranging from lavas slightly enriched above that of normal mid-ocean ridge basalt in the northern portion (close to the South East Indian Ridge) to more enriched varieties to the south and on Broken Ridge, with a continental crust signature present in lavas from the southern and central KP/BR. The OJP and the KP/BR appear to have formed through punctuated magmatic events, whereas the SR was formed by one relatively long, drawn out event. The formation of oceanic LIPs has in many (but not all) cases been synchronous with oceanic anoxic events. This paper focuses on three oceanic plateaus to emphasize the debate surrounding the environmental impact such LIPs may have had, and also highlights the contributions of scientific ocean drilling to our knowledge of oceanic LIP formation and evolution. This new knowledge allows planning for future oceanic LIP drilling.
机译：Ontong Java高原（OJP），Shatsky Rise（SR）和Kerguelen高原/破碎脊（KP / BR）代表了位于海洋环境中的三个大火成岩省（LIP）。已通过科学的海洋钻探对地下熔岩进行了调查，就OJP而言，已对所罗门群岛高原被引诱部分的野外作业进行了调查。这些研究表明这三个LIP具有非常不同的特征。例如，KP / BR仍具有活动热点，而OJP和SR没有。 OJP在整个高原的组成单调性方面很显着（Kwaimbaita地球化学类型），而在边缘（Kroenke，Singgalo和Wairahito类型）发现了较小的组成变化。 Shatsky Rise显示出更多的成分变化，并且与OJP一样，在早期（Tamu Massif）具有主要的熔岩类型（称为“正常”类型），但随后的Ori和Shirshov断层喷发包括同位素和微量元素丰富的熔岩，可能反映了地幔来源随时间的变化。 KP / BR的基底熔岩成分变化很大，范围从北部（靠近东南印第安岭）的略高于正常中海脊玄武岩的熔岩到南部和破碎山脊的更丰富的变种，南部和中部KP / BR的熔岩中有大陆壳标志。 OJP和KP / BR似乎是通过标点岩浆事件形成的，而SR是由一个相对较长的引出事件形成的。在许多（但不是全部）情况下，海洋LIP的形成与海洋缺氧事件同步发生。本文着重于三个海洋高原，着重围绕LIP可能对环境产生的影响展开辩论，并重点介绍了科学海洋钻探对我们对LIP形成和演化的认识的贡献。这些新知识可以为将来的海洋LIP钻探计划。

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    《Oceanography》 |2019年第1期|176-194|共19页
  • 作者

    Neal Clive R.; Coffin Millard F.; Sager William W.;

  • 作者单位

    Univ Notre Dame, Dept Civil & Environm Engn & Earth Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA;

    Univ Tasmania, Inst Marine & Antarctic Studies, Hobart, Tas, Australia|Univ Maine, Sch Earth & Climate Sci, Orono, ME USA|Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Geol & Geophys, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA;

    Univ Houston, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Houston, TX USA;

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