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On the Factors Driving Upper-Ocean Salinity Variability at the Western Edge of the Eastern Pacific Fresh Pool

机译：关于在东太平洋新鲜游泳池西部边缘促进上海盐度变异性的因素

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The tropical Eastern Pacific Fresh Pool (EPFP) has some of the highest precipitation rates and lowest sea surface salinities found in the open ocean. In addition, the sea surface salinity in the EPFP exhibits one of the strongest annual cycles in the world ocean. The region is strongly affected by the meridionally migrating Intertropical Convergence Zone and is also influenced by large-scale ocean currents and wind-driven Ekman currents. Recognizing the complexity of competing regional influences and the importance of sea surface salinity as an integrator of freshwater forcing, the Salinity Processes Upper-ocean Regional Study (SPURS) was undertaken to better understand how ocean processes and surface freshwater fluxes set surface salinity. Instrumentation on a surface mooring, deployed for 14 months near the western edge of the EPFP, allowed estimation of the surface fluxes of momentum, heat, and freshwater. Subsurface instrumentation on the mooring provided upper-ocean vertical structure and horizontal currents. These observations, along with horizontal gradients of surface salinity from the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) satellite instrument, were used to estimate the surface-layer salinity budget at the western edge of the EPFP. While the low salinity associated with the presence of the EPFP at the mooring site was sustained by heavy rainfall, it was found that seasonal variability in large-scale currents was important to controlling the transition between the "salty" and "fresh" seasons. Ekman advection was important to prolonging local high salinity as rainfall decreased. Although illuminating some key processes, the temporal variability of the surface-layer salinity budget also shows significant complexity, with processes such as surface freshwater fluxes and vertical mixing making notable contributions. The surface flux term and the terms involving mixing across the base of the surface layer oppose and nearly cancel each other throughout the deployment, such that the horizontal advection term effectively accounts for most of the variability in surface salinity at the site on monthly to seasonal timescales. Further investigation, taking advantage of additional observations during SPURS-2, will be needed to more thoroughly examine the relevant physical processes.
机译：热带东部太平洋新鲜游泳池（EPFP）拥有开阔海洋中的一些最高降水率和最低海上盐水。此外，EPFP中的海面盐度展示了世界海洋中最强的年度循环之一。该地区受到单位迁移的透视收敛区的强烈影响，也受到大规模海洋电流和风力驱动的ekman电流的影响。认识到竞争区域影响的复杂性和海面盐度作为淡水迫使的集成商，盐度流程上海区域研究（马刺）以更好地了解海洋过程和表面淡水助水套装表面盐度。表面系泊的仪器，在EPFP的西边部署了14个月，允许估计动量，热和淡水的表面助熔剂。系泊仪器仪器提供高海垂垂直结构和水平电流。这些观察结果以及来自土壤湿度活性无源（SMAP）卫星仪器的水平梯度，用于估计EPFP的西边缘的表面层盐度预算。虽然在系泊部位的EPFP存在相关的低盐度被大雨降雨量持续，但发现大型电流的季节变异对于控制“咸”和“新鲜”季节之间的过渡是重要的。 ekman平流对于延长当地的高盐度，因为降雨量减少了很重要。虽然照亮了一些关键过程，但表面层盐度预算的时间变异性也显示出显着的复杂性，以及表面淡水助熔剂和垂直混合的方法，使得显着的贡献。表面通量术语和涉及在表面层的底部混合的术语在整个部署中彼此相互抵消，使得水平的平流期间有效地占据本网站上的大部分变异性，每月都会到季节性时间尺寸。进一步调查，利用在马刺2期间的额外观察，将需要更彻底地检查相关的物理过程。

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  • 来源
    《Oceanography》 |2019年第2期|30-39|共10页
  • 作者

    Farrar J. Thomas; Plueddemann Albert J.;

  • 作者单位

    Woods Hole Oceanog Inst Dept Phys Oceanog Woods Hole MA 02543 USA;

    Woods Hole Oceanog Inst Dept Phys Oceanog Woods Hole MA 02543 USA;

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