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首页> 外文期刊>Oceanography >OFFSHORE WIND ENERGY AND BENTHIC HABITAT CHANGES: Lessons from Block Island Wind Farm
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OFFSHORE WIND ENERGY AND BENTHIC HABITAT CHANGES: Lessons from Block Island Wind Farm

机译：海上风能和底栖栖息地改变：块岛风电场的课程

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摘要

The Block Island Wind Farm (BIWF), situated offshore of Block Island, Rhode Island, is the first commercial offshore wind farm (OWF) in the United States. We briefly review pre-siting studies, which provide contextual information about the benthic habitats and fish in the Block Island Sound area before the BIWF jacket foundations were installed in 2015. We focus on benthic monitoring that took place within the BIWF. This monitoring allowed for assessments of spatiotemporal changes in sediment grain size, organic enrichment, and macrofauna, as well as the colonization of the jacket structures, up to four years post-installation. The greatest benthic modifications occurred within the footprint of the foundation structures through the development of mussel aggregations. Within four years, changes in benthic habitats (defined as biotopes) were observed within the 90 m range of the study, clearly linked to the mussel-dominated colonization of the structures, which also hosted numerous indigenous fish species. We discuss the evident structural and functional effects and their ecological importance at the BIWF and for future US OWFs, drawing on similarities with European studies. While reviewing lessons learned from the BIWF, we highlight the need to implement coordinated monitoring for future developments and recommend a strategy to better understand environmental implications.
机译：Block Island Wind Farm（Biwf），位于罗德岛街区岸边，是美国第一家商业海上风电场（OWF）。我们简要介绍了预先选址的研究，它在2015年安装Biwf夹克基金会之前，提供了有关Benthic栖息地和鱼类的上下文信息。我们专注于BIWF在BIWF中发生的终身监测。该监测允许评估沉积物粒度，有机浓缩和宏观的时尚变化，以及安装后长达四年的夹克结构的殖民化。通过开发贻贝聚集在基础结构的占地面积内最大的底栖修改。在四年内，在90米的研究范围内观察到底栖栖息地的变化（定义为生物缺陷），与贻贝主导的结构的殖民化显然有关，该结构也载有许多土着鱼类。我们讨论了明显的结构和功能效应及其在BIWF和未来美国OWF的生态重要性，借鉴了与欧洲研究的相似之处。在审查从BIWF中汲取的经验教训时，我们强调了为未来的发展实施协调监测的必要性，并建议更好地理解环境影响的战略。

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  • 来源
    《Oceanography》 |2020年第4期|58-69|共12页
  • 作者

    Hutchison Zoe L.; Bartley Monique LaFrance; Degraer Steven; English Paul; Khan Anwar; Livermore Julia; Rumes Bob; King John W.;

  • 作者单位

    Univ Rhode Isl Grad Sch Oceanog Narragansett RI 02882 USA;

    Univ Rhode Isl Grad Sch Oceanog Narragansett RI 02882 USA;

    Royal Belgian Inst Nat Sci Operat Directorate Nat Environm Marine Ecol & Man Brussels Belgium;

    FUGRO GB Marine Ltd Portchester Hants England;

    HDR Englewood CO USA;

    Rhode Isl Dept Environm Management Div Marine Fisheries Jamestown RI USA;

    Royal Belgian Inst Nat Sci Operat Directorate Nat Environm Marine Ecol & Man Brussels Belgium;

    Univ Rhode Isl Grad Sch Oceanog Narragansett RI 02882 USA;

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