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首页> 外文期刊>Oecologia >Interspecific and nutrient-dependent variations in stable isotope fractionation: experimental studies simulating pelagic multitrophic systems
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Interspecific and nutrient-dependent variations in stable isotope fractionation: experimental studies simulating pelagic multitrophic systems

机译：种间和营养依赖的稳定同位素分馏中的变化：模拟中上层多营养系统的实验研究

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摘要

Stable isotope signatures of primary producers display high inter- and intraspecific variation. This is assigned to species-specific differences in isotope fractionation and variable abiotic conditions, e.g., temperature, and nutrient and light availability. As consumers reflect the isotopic signature of their food source, such variations have direct impacts on the ecological interpretation of stable isotope data. To elucidate the variability of isotope fractionation at the primary producer level and the transfer of the signal through food webs, we used a standardised marine tri-trophic system in which the primary producers were manipulated while the two consumer levels were kept constant. These manipulations were (1) different algal species grown under identical conditions to address interspecific variability and (2) a single algal species cultivated under different nutrient regimes to address nutrient-dependent variability. Our experiments resulted in strong interspecific variation between different algal species (Thalassiosira weissflogii, Dunaliella salina, and Rhodomonas salina) and nutrient-dependent shifts in stable isotope signatures in response to nutrient limitation of R. salina. The trophic enrichment in 15N and 13C of primary and secondary consumers (nauplii of Acartia tonsa and larval herring) showed strong deviations from the postulated degree of 1.0‰ enrichment in δ13C and 3.4‰ enrichment in δ15N. Surprisingly, nauplii of A. tonsa tended to keep “isotopic homeostasis” in terms of δ15N, a pattern not described in the literature so far. Our results suggest that the diets’ nutritional composition and food quality as well as the stoichiometric needs of consumers significantly affect the degree of trophic enrichment and that these mechanisms must be considered in ecological studies, especially when lower trophic levels, where variability is highest, are concerned.
机译：主要生产者的稳定同位素特征显示出较高的种间和种内变异。这归因于同位素分级分离和可变的非生物条件（例如温度，养分和光的利用率）中特定于物种的差异。由于消费者反映了其食物来源的同位素特征，因此这种变化对稳定同位素数据的生态学解释具有直接影响。为了阐明一级生产者一级同位素分馏的变异性和通过食物网的信号传递，我们使用了标准化的海洋三营养系统，在该系统中操作一级生产者，而两个消费者水平保持不变。这些操作是（1）在相同条件下生长的不同藻类物种以解决种间变异性，以及（2）在不同养分制度下培养的单个藻类物种以应对养分依赖性变异性。我们的实验导致不同藻类（Thalassiosira weissflogii，Dunaliella salina和Rhodomonas salina）之间存在强烈的种间差异，并且稳定的同位素特征响应于R. salina的养分限制而依赖养分变化。主要和次要消费者（无car螨幼虫和鲱鱼）在15 N和13 C中的营养富集与δ13C和1.0 C中假定的1.0‰富集程度存在很大差异。 δ15 N富集3.4‰。令人惊讶的是，A.tonsa的幼体倾向于以δ15N形式保持“同位素稳态”，这是迄今为止文献中未描述的模式。我们的结果表明，饮食的营养成分和食品质量以及消费者的化学计量需求会显着影响营养营养的丰富程度，并且在生态研究中必须考虑这些机制，尤其是在营养水平较低且变异性最高的情况下。关心。

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