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Structural properties of petroleum coke

机译：石油焦的结构特性

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Rad predstavlja pregled odabrane literature iz područja strukturnih svojstava naftnog koksa. Pored standardnih analiza, određivanje i poznavanje strukturnih svojstava koksa praćenih kao kristalografski parametri i optička tekstura omogućuju njegovo vrednovanje važno za daljnju primjenu. Ukazano je na utjecaj sastava sirovine za koksiranje i uvjeta toplinske obrade na strukturna svojstva naftnog koksa koji postaje sve zanimljiviji ugljični materijal.%Depending on its quality, petroleum coke could be used as a source of fuel, as anodes in the electrolysis, in the graphite industry, as high purity reactant and in the preparation of carbon artifacts. Among others, application of coke is determined, by their structure properties. Coking of petroleum residue involves pyrolytic reactions and rearrangements that produce free radicals, which can recombine through condensation and polymerization reactions to form larger molecules and ultimately coke. The chemistry of the pyrolysis system controls the structure and properties of resultant semicoke-cokes-carbons. The feedstock is converted to a coke (of various qualities) via a mechanism involving the formation of mesophase. The mode of arrangement of basic mesophase will predetermine the final coke microstructure. Coke rarely has a simple structure, usually there are the least three of more different structural units present. According to the share of the lamellar/mosaic structural units, fall into super-premium, premium, super-regular, regular and isotropic coke. Data of structural parameters as crystallite size (L_c), interlayer spacing (d_(002)) and graphitization degree (G) suggest highly oriented petroleum coke structure specially at higher temperatures.
机译：本文介绍了石油焦结构特性领域的精选文献。除了标准分析之外，作为晶体学参数和光学织构的监测焦炭的结构特性的确定和知识，使其评估对于进一步应用也很重要。已经指出了焦化原料的组成和热处理条件对石油焦的结构性能的影响，石油焦正成为越来越令人关注的碳材料。工业上，作为高纯度反应物并用于制备碳假象。除其他外，焦炭的应用由其结构性质决定。石油残渣的焦化涉及产生自由基的热解反应和重排，自由基可以通过缩合和聚合反应重新结合形成更大的分子，最终形成焦炭。热解系统的化学性质控制所得半焦-焦炭-碳的结构和性质。通过涉及中间相形成的机理，将原料转化成焦炭（各种质量）。基本中间相的排列方式将预先确定最终的焦炭微观结构。焦炭很少具有简单的结构，通常至少存在三种不同的结构单元。根据层状/镶嵌结构单元的份额，可分为超高级，高级，超常规，常规和各向同性焦炭。结构参数的数据，如微晶尺寸（L_c），层间间距（d_（002））和石墨化度（G）提示高度取向的石油焦结构，特别是在较高温度下。

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