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Compiler-Directed Page Coloring for Multiprocessors

机译:面向编译器的多处理器页面着色

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This paper presents a new technique, compiler-directed page coloring, that eliminates conflict misses in multiprocessor applications. It enables applications to make better use of the increased aggregate cache size available in a multiprocessor. This technique uses the compiler's knowledge of the access patterns of the parallelized applications to direct the operating system's virtual memory page mapping strategy. We demonstrate that this technique can lead to significant performance improvements over two commonly used page mapping strategies for machines with either direct-mapped or two-way set-associative caches. We also show that it is complementary to latency-hiding techniques such as prefetching. We implemented compiler-directed page coloring in the SUIF parallelizing compiler and on two commercial operating systems. We applied the technique to the SPEC95fp benchmark suite, a representative set of numeric programs. We used the SimOS machine simulator to analyze the applications and isolate their performance bottlenecks. We also validated these results on a real machine, an eight-processor 350MHz Digital AlphaServer. Compiler-directed page coloring leads to significant performance improvements for several applications. Overall, our technique improves the SPEC95fp rating for eight processors by 8% over Digital UNIX's page mapping policy and by 20% over a page coloring, a standard page mapping policy. The SUIF compiler achieves a SPEC95fp ratio of 57.4, the highest ratio to date.
机译:本文提出了一种新技术,即编译器控制的页面着色,它消除了多处理器应用程序中的冲突遗漏。它使应用程序可以更好地利用多处理器中可用的增加的聚合缓存大小。该技术使用编译器对并行化应用程序访问模式的了解来指导操作系统的虚拟内存页面映射策略。我们证明,对于具有直接映射或两路集关联高速缓存的计算机,此技术可以通过两种常用的页面映射策略显着提高性能。我们还表明,它与诸如预取之类的延迟隐藏技术是互补的。我们在SUIF并行化编译器和两个商业操作系统上实现了由编译器控制的页面着色。我们将该技术应用于SPEC95fp基准套件,这是一组代表性的数字程序。我们使用SimOS机器模拟器来分析应用程序并隔离它们的性能瓶颈。我们还在真实的机器上验证了这些结果,该机器是八处理器350MHz Digital AlphaServer。编译器控制的页面着色可显着提高几种应用程序的性能。总体而言,我们的技术将八个处理器的SPEC95fp等级提高了超过Digital UNIX的页面映射策略的8%,并提高了页面着色(标准页面映射策略)的20%。 SUIF编译器的SPEC95fp比率达到57.4,是迄今为止最高的比率。

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